Small Cell MIMO Antenna Layout With Rotated Peanut-Shaped Beams
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional small cell base station antennas are complex and expensive, limiting the cost-effective implementation of MIMO transmission techniques that enhance network capacity, particularly in high-density urban environments where MIMO is beneficial for overcoming multipath fading and interference.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates four linear arrays of radiating elements mounted on a rectangular tubular reflector assembly, with two pairs generating peanut-shaped antenna beams that provide omnidirectional coverage in the azimuth plane, utilizing dual-polarized radiating elements and out-of-phase feeding to reduce complexity and cost while maintaining high performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional small cell base station antennas are used, then MIMO transmission techniques can be implemented, but the complexity and cost increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is divided into four separate linear arrays of radiating elements, each independently mounted on the rectangular tubular reflector assembly. This segmentation allows each array to be designed and implemented with simpler structures while collectively achieving MIMO functionality through multiple independent signal paths
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple linear arrays onto a single rectangular tubular reflector assembly, merging the functions of multiple antenna systems into one integrated structure. This reduces overall system complexity compared to using separate antenna systems for each MIMO element
2Reliability
If conventional small cell base station antennas are used, then MIMO transmission techniques can be implemented, but the cost increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The rectangular tubular reflector assembly serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as the reflector surface, provides mounting structures for all four linear arrays, and forms the overall antenna housing. This multi-functionality reduces the number of separate components needed, lowering manufacturing complexity and cost
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses identical or similar radiating elements across all four linear arrays, standardizing the components used. This parameter consistency allows for bulk manufacturing of identical elements, reducing per-unit cost while maintaining MIMO performance through quantitative rather than qualitative differentiation
3Productivity
If four linear arrays are used for MIMO, then network capacity increases, but the antenna footprint increases
Solution Approach 1:
The four linear arrays are arranged along different edges of the rectangular tubular structure, utilizing the three-dimensional space efficiently. This spatial arrangement allows multiple arrays to coexist in a compact footprint by distributing them across different dimensions of the rectangular prism rather than spreading them out in a single plane
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration supports MIMO operations with reduced complexity and cost, offering improved capacity and coverage while minimizing interference, making it suitable for high-density urban environments and reducing the footprint of the base station antenna.
Implementation Method 1
a first linear array of radiating elements that are mounted in front of a first backplane; a second linear array of radiating elements that are mounted in front of a second backplane; a third linear array of radiating elements that are mounted in front of a third backplane; a fourth linear array of radiating elements that are mounted in front of a fourth backplane
Data Source
AI summary
A base station antenna includes a first set of radiating elements that are configured to generate a first antenna beam that has a first peanut-shaped antenna pattern in an azimuth plane and a second set of radiating elements that are configured to generate a second antenna beam that has a second peanut-shaped antenna pattern in the azimuth plane. A longitudinal axis of the first peanut-shaped antenna pattern in the azimuth plane is rotated approximately ninety degrees from a longitudinal axis of the second peanut-shaped antenna pattern in the azimuth plane.