Cutting Tool Coolant Path Layout for Chip Evacuation in Small Holes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cutting tools, both external and internal supply types, face challenges in delivering sufficient coolant to machining points, especially when reduced in size, and struggle with effective chip discharge.
Innovation Solution
A cutting tool design featuring a cylindrical shank with coolant flow paths on the periphery, a chip discharge groove, and a unique coolant flow path configuration that avoids overlap with the cutting edge and chip discharge groove, ensuring efficient coolant supply and chip evacuation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Length of moving object
If the cutting tool is reduced in size to machine small holes, then the tool can enter small holes, but the tool no longer has available space for making a fluid supply hole inside the tool
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the fluid supply function from the internal structure of the tool and relocates it to the external periphery. By forming coolant flow paths on the outer surface of the tool body rather than inside, the design eliminates the need for internal fluid supply holes, enabling small-sized tools to effectively supply coolant without the space constraints that would otherwise prevent internal hole formation.
2Temperature
If coolant flow paths are positioned to overlap with the chip discharge groove, then coolant can be supplied to the machining point, but the discharged coolant pushes back chips and interferes with chip discharge
Solution Approach 1:
The invention employs asymmetric positioning of the coolant flow paths relative to the chip discharge groove. By strategically locating the coolant flow paths at positions that do not overlap with the chip discharge groove in the leading end view, the design creates an asymmetric arrangement where coolant flows along the periphery without interfering with chip evacuation, thereby simultaneously achieving effective cooling and uninterrupted chip discharge.
3Device complexity
If coolant is supplied from the periphery of the tool, then the tool structure is simpler, but the coolant cannot be delivered properly to the machining point inside the workpiece
Solution Approach 1:
The invention transitions the coolant supply approach from a three-dimensional internal pathway to a two-dimensional peripheral surface flow. By forming coolant flow paths on the outer surface of the tool body that extend toward the leading end, the design enables coolant to be supplied along the periphery and reach the machining point effectively, maintaining structural simplicity while ensuring reliable coolant delivery through surface-level flow paths rather than internal channels.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design enables effective coolant delivery and chip discharge even in small-sized tools, enhancing cooling and prolonging tool life while maintaining tool functionality.
Implementation Method 1
a plurality of groove-like coolant flow paths provided on a periphery of the cutting tool, for supplying coolant toward the leading end portion
Implementation Method 2
a chip discharge groove formed from the cutting edge toward the base end portion of the cutting tool, for guiding and discharging chips generated during cutting
Data Source
AI summary
A cutting tool 10 includes: a shank part 14 that is substantially cylindrical in shape and provided at a base end portion 10b of the cutting tool 10; a cutting edge 18 located at a leading end portion 10t of the cutting tool 10; a chip discharge groove 30 formed from the cutting edge 18 toward the base end portion 10b of the cutting tool 10, for guiding and discharging chips generated during cutting; and a plurality of groove-like coolant flow paths 40 provided on a periphery of the cutting tool 10, for supplying coolant toward the leading end portion 10t. In a leading end view where the cutting tool 10 is viewed from the leading end portion 10t along the central axis 10A extending in a longitudinal direction of the cutting tool 10, a first coolant flow path 41 of the plurality of coolant flow paths 40 is located at an upper side relative to the cutting edge 18.