Smart Battery Energy Allocation Bus for Dynamic Charging Balance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current battery pack systems face issues with battery inconsistency, leading to overcharge, undercharge, and uneven discharge, resulting in reduced endurance, increased sorting costs, and premature battery pack failure due to inefficient energy allocation and balancing methods.
Innovation Solution
A smart battery system with a control unit that coordinates charging and discharging processes across batteries, utilizing an electric energy allocation bus system for real-time data collection and dynamic parameter adjustment, enabling balanced charging and discharging through 'valley filling', 'peak clipping', and 'direct power supply' modes to optimize energy distribution and reduce waste.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If traditional series charging method is used to charge battery packs, then charging process is simple, but battery inconsistency causes overcharge and undercharge leading to reduced battery life
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the battery pack into multiple independently controllable battery groups, each with its own charging control. The power supply device can independently adjust charging current for each battery group based on their respective states of charge, preventing overcharge and undercharge while maintaining manageable system complexity through modular control architecture.
2Reliability
If independent charging apparatus is used for each battery, then battery inconsistency is reduced, but wire diameter specifications and quantities increase leading to increased cost and space
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple independent charging functions into a single power supply device that can simultaneously charge multiple battery groups. The power supply device integrates multiple output channels, each capable of independent current regulation, eliminating the need for separate charging apparatus and reducing wiring complexity while maintaining battery balancing capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The power supply device is designed with multi-functionality to serve multiple battery groups simultaneously. It can dynamically allocate charging current to different battery groups based on their needs, performing both bulk charging and balancing functions through a single unified system rather than requiring dedicated apparatus for each battery.
3Reliability
If DC-DC converter is used for electric energy transfer among batteries, then battery balancing is achieved, but extra electric energy consumption is increased due to conversion efficiency loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the energy conversion function from the system by using a power supply device that can directly output different voltage levels to different battery groups. This eliminates the need for DC-DC converters in the balancing process, as the power supply device directly provides appropriately scaled voltage to each battery group, thereby removing the conversion efficiency loss entirely.
4Reliability
If batteries are sorted and packed with strict standards to reduce inconsistency, then battery pack reliability is improved, but sorting cost and purchasing cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the control parameter from pre-sorted battery selection to dynamic charging current adjustment. Instead of requiring strict sorting standards during manufacturing, the system accepts batteries with wider consistency ranges and uses real-time monitoring and adjustment of charging current to each battery group, achieving reliable balancing without increasing sorting or purchasing costs.
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention discloses a smart battery, an electric energy allocation bus system, a battery charging and discharging method and an electric energy allocation method. The smart battery internally comprises a battery body portion and a control unit. The smart battery can collect various data of the battery, such as voltage, current, internal resistance, temperature and the like, can be communicated with other smart batteries in a battery pack of a same group and a battery pack control system, and can realize electric quantity transfer among smart batteries of the same group through the electric quantity allocation bus, and realize electric quantity transfer among some batteries of a battery pack accessed to the electric energy allocation bus a power generation device and an electrical load and realize controllable processes of charging and discharging, i.e., active and balanced charging and discharging by using a charging method capable of dynamically adjusting charging parameters during charging and a discharging method for realizing electric quantity transfer among various batteries of the battery pack during discharging.