Smart Microgrid Controller for Hybrid Islanded Power Systems

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing microgrid distribution systems face challenges in operating effectively in isolated grid architectures, particularly with load sharing, power quality, and synchronization when combining renewable energy sources with diesel generators, leading to inefficiencies and high costs.

Innovation Solution

A smart microgrid system with a controller that monitors power sources and loads, prioritizes energy distribution, and switches between grid-tied and isolated modes, using a communication network and switchable connections to manage power buses and interfaces, ensuring flexible and adaptable operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If renewable energy resources are combined with diesel generators in hybrid islanded microgrids, then energy sustainability is improved, but system complexity and operational inefficiency worsen due to load sharing and synchronization challenges

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy sustainabilityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system segments the microgrid into multiple independent yet coordinated units, each with its own controller that can operate autonomously or in coordination with others. This segmentation allows renewable resources and diesel generators to be managed as separate controllable entities rather than a monolithic complex system, reducing operational complexity while maintaining sustainability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A communication network acts as an intermediary between power sources, loads, and controllers, enabling coordinated operation without direct complex electrical interfacing. The communication layer mediates power sharing decisions, synchronization requirements, and load distribution, simplifying the overall system architecture while achieving sustainable hybrid operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If microgrids operate in isolated grid mode with multiple paralleled resources, then energy independence is improved, but power quality and synchronization difficulty worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy independenceVSAvoidsynchronization difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

Controllers continuously monitor power output, frequency, and voltage from each paralleled resource and adjust operation in real-time based on feedback signals. This closed-loop control ensures automatic synchronization and maintains power quality without requiring complex manual coordination, enabling reliable isolated grid operation with multiple resources

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system design allows each power resource to serve multiple functions - renewable sources provide both base load and synchronization reference, while diesel generators can operate in parallel or as backup. This multi-functional capability enables seamless coordination and simplifies synchronization requirements while maintaining energy independence

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Productivity

If diesel generators operate at partial load to support renewable energy integration, then renewable energy utilization is improved, but operational efficiency and cost worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverenewable energy utilizationVSAvoidoperational efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts diesel generator operation based on real-time renewable energy availability and load requirements. Controllers continuously optimize the operating point of diesel generators, allowing them to operate at optimal efficiency levels when renewables are insufficient while maximizing renewable utilization, rather than running at fixed partial load conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP2437372B1Smart microgrid
Publication Date: 2019.12.04 THE BOEING CO
  • EP2437372B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2437372B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2437372B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Described herein are embodiments of microgrid systems which may be used as stand-alone systems or may be connected to a larger, integrate power supply system. In one embodiment, a smart microgrid system includes at least one electrical power bus connectable to at least one input power source by one or more switchable connections, a communication network coupled to the smart microgrid system, and a controller coupled to the communication network, wherein the controller comprises logic to monitor power outputs from the at least one input power source, monitor one or more power loads coupled to the at least one electrical power bus, and regulate the power drawn from one or more of the input power sources to the at least one electrical power bus.