Smoke Pressure Assembly With Variable Air Outlet Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Smoke protection pressure systems in high-rise buildings face challenges in maintaining effective smoke containment during varying weather conditions, leading to impermissible door opening forces and potential smoke ingress due to pressure fluctuations caused by temperature differences between inside and outside environments.
Innovation Solution
A smoke protection system with variably controlled supply air outlets and a motor-actuated control flap device that adapts supply air distribution over the height of the escape room based on outside temperature, ensuring unregulated air outlets and independent control, avoiding complex control loops and maintaining overpressure within safe limits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If homogeneous supply air distribution is used, then the control circuit remains simple, but the system cannot adapt to varying outside temperatures and pressure conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic supply air distribution by equipping individual outlets or groups of outlets with adjustable flaps that can be motor-actuated to change opening angles. This allows the system to adapt supply air distribution to varying outside temperatures and pressure conditions while maintaining relatively simple control architecture through centralized control of multiple adjustable elements.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the distribution parameters of supply air by adjusting flap positions at different outlets based on outside temperature measurements. This enables the same physical infrastructure to provide different supply air distributions (homogeneous or inhomogeneous) by simply changing the opening parameters of the flaps, rather than requiring different physical configurations.
2Reliability
If multiple control loops are implemented to regulate pressure at different heights, then pressure control improves, but the control system becomes complex and unstable
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of creating multiple independent control loops that interact and cause instability, the patent segments the supply air distribution into controllable outlets or groups of outlets. Each segment can be independently adjusted via flaps to influence pressure at different heights, but all segments are controlled through a single coordinated control strategy rather than multiple competing control loops.
3Adaptability or versatility
If supply air outlets are uncontrolled, then the control circuit remains simple and stable, but the system cannot adapt to weather conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses outside temperature sensors to automatically determine the appropriate supply air distribution pattern without requiring complex control algorithms. The control device receives temperature input and automatically adjusts flap positions accordingly, making the system self-regulating based on environmental conditions while maintaining relatively simple control logic.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively keeps escape rooms free of smoke across diverse weather conditions by dynamically adjusting supply air distribution and volume flow, preventing excessive door opening forces and ensuring smoke containment without disturbing sensitive control circuits.
Implementation Method 1
the overpressure set in the area of the escape room ensuring that smoke is kept free in the event of a fire
Implementation Method 2
at least one control flap which opens when a limit overpressure is exceeded and falling below the limit overpressure closes
Implementation Method 3
If there are differences between the inside temperature and the outside temperature, e.g. B. at high outside temperatures in summer or at low outside temperatures in winter, lead in particular convection influences to different flow effects
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a smoke protection pressure system for a building, which has at least one escape room (1) to be pressurized in the event of a fire, with at least one supply air fan (2) supplying the escape room (1) with supply air in the event of a fire, and a control flap device (3) which at least has a control flap which opens when a limit overpressure is exceeded and closes when the limit overpressure is undershot. This system is characterized in that several supply air outlets (4) are arranged in the escape room (1) distributed over its height, which are designed as unregulated supply air outlets, with the supply air outlets (4) preferably being used to generate a supply air distribution that is variable over the height of the escape room depending on the Outside temperature can be variably controlled individually or in groups.