Smooth Switching Device Double Power Supplies Relay Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for switching between main and backup power supplies often result in voltage fluctuations, powerdown phenomena, high costs due to bulk capacitors, and increased temperatures, which affect the reliability and miniaturization of devices.
Innovation Solution
A device and method utilizing a relay with a stationary contact switching unit, controlled by a relay control unit, and auxiliary units with schottky diodes and P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors to manage voltage and prevent over-discharge, ensuring smooth transitions between power supplies without bulk capacitors and radiators.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a bulk capacitor is used to implement smooth switching between main and backup power supplies, then the energy storage function of the backup power supply is fully exerted, but the voltage of the load fluctuates significantly and the cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the bulk capacitor from the circuit, replacing it with a relay-based switching mechanism. The relay directly connects between the main power supply and backup power supply without requiring energy storage capacitors, thereby eliminating the associated voltage fluctuations and cost issues while maintaining smooth switching capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The relay serves as an intermediary component that enables smooth power supply switching. By using the relay's movable contact to transition between connecting the main power supply and backup power supply, the system achieves continuous power delivery without requiring bulk capacitors for energy storage and voltage stabilization.
2Reliability
If a diode is used to implement power supply switching, then smooth switching can be achieved without a bulk capacitor, but a large voltage drop is generated and power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the electronic diode-based switching mechanism with a mechanical relay-based system. The relay uses electromagnetic actuation to physically connect or disconnect power supply paths, avoiding the inherent voltage drop across diode PN junctions and reducing power consumption while maintaining smooth switching capability.
3Reliability
If a transistor is used to implement power supply switching, then smooth switching is achieved with low voltage drop, but the backup power supply can be overcharged and large power consumption is generated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the transistor-based switching mechanism, replacing it with a relay-based system. This eliminates the risk of backup power supply overcharging through transistor failure and reduces power consumption by using the relay's low-resistance contact path for power transmission.
Solution Approach 2:
The relay acts as an intermediary that provides electrically isolated switching between power supplies. The electromagnetic actuator controls the movable contact connection without direct electrical connection between control and power circuits, preventing overcharging scenarios while maintaining low voltage drop during power transmission.
4Reliability
If a relay with movable contact is used for power supply switching, then smooth switching is achieved, but the device cannot be miniaturized due to radiator requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the radiator component from the system by eliminating the diode and transistor-based switching mechanisms that generate significant heat. The relay-based switching system generates minimal heat, allowing the device to be miniaturized without requiring thermal management components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution prevents powerdowns, protects backup power supplies from over-discharge, reduces heat dissipation needs, miniaturizes products, and eliminates the risks associated with bulk capacitors, while ensuring continuous current supply during transitions.
Implementation Method 1
a relay control unit for detecting output voltages of the main power supply and the backup power supply, and controlling the switch of the stationary contact of the relay in the main/backup power supply switching unit between the first contact and the second contact according the detected result
Implementation Method 2
a charging management unit for detecting the output voltage of the backup power supply, and controlling the main power supply to charge the backup power supply when the output voltage of the backup power supply is lower than a preset charging threshold
Implementation Method 3
auxiliary units with schottky diodes and P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors to manage voltage and prevent over-discharge
Implementation Method 4
P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors to manage voltage and prevent over-discharge
Data Source
Figure 1~3
Figure 4~5
Figure 6~8
AI summary
A smooth switching device and method for double power supplies. The devices includes a main/backup power supply switching unit (1), a relay control unit (3), a charge management unit (2), a main power supply switching auxiliary unit (4) and a backup power supply switching auxiliary unit (5). The device and the method enable the main power supply (200) and the backup power supply (300) which supply power for electric equipment (100) to be switched smoothly, so that it is not easy for the electric equipment (100) to be disconnected with the power supplies and the fluctuation of a load voltage is small. Moreover, the device doesn't need a bulk capacitor used for auxiliary switching and doesn't need to be used together with a radiator.