SMPS Power Controller Dynamic Frequency Adjustment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional switching mode power supplies face challenges in achieving high energy efficiency, particularly in complying with stricter energy efficiency standards like energy efficiency level VI, while also avoiding magnetic saturation risks during over current protection, especially at low AC input voltages.
Innovation Solution
A power controller adjusts the clock frequency of a power switch based on feedback signals and input voltage, reducing the switching frequency when the load is heavy to decrease peak current through the transformer and prevent magnetic saturation, and maintaining a low clock frequency during light loads to minimize switching losses.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If the switching frequency is increased to improve power conversion efficiency, then the energy efficiency improves, but the risk of magnetic saturation increases during over current protection
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic adjustment of the clock frequency based on real-time feedback signals and input voltage detection. The controller automatically increases or decreases the switching frequency according to operating conditions, transforming a static system into a dynamic one that adapts to prevent magnetic saturation while maintaining efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses feedback signals from the output power source and input voltage detection to continuously monitor system state. This feedback mechanism enables the controller to adjust the clock frequency appropriately, resolving the contradiction between efficiency and magnetic saturation risk by making informed dynamic adjustments.
2Reliability
If the clock frequency is increased to reduce the risk of magnetic saturation, then the magnetic saturation risk decreases, but the switching losses increase
Solution Approach 1:
Rather than using a fixed high frequency to prevent magnetic saturation, the patent employs dynamic frequency adjustment that only increases the clock frequency when necessary to prevent saturation. This dynamic approach minimizes switching losses by maintaining lower frequencies during normal operation while providing protection when needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the clock frequency parameter dynamically based on operating conditions. By adjusting this key parameter according to feedback signals and input voltage levels, the system optimizes the balance between preventing magnetic saturation and minimizing switching losses.
3Device complexity
If a fixed clock frequency is used to simplify the control circuit, then the device complexity decreases, but the energy efficiency cannot meet stricter standards across varying loads
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic clock frequency adjustment using feedback signals and input voltage detection, transforming a static control system into a dynamic one. This adds intelligence to the control circuit, enabling it to meet strict energy efficiency standards across varying loads while maintaining reasonable complexity through systematic design.
Data Source
AI summary
Herein is disclosed a control method suitable for a switching mode power supply. A power switch is controlled according to a clock signal to transfer electrical energy from an input power source to an output power source. A feedback signal is provided in response to an output voltage of the output power source. A clock signal is generated in response to the feedback signal and an input voltage of the input power source. The clock signal has a clock frequency determining a switching frequency of the power switch. When the feedback signal exceeds a relatively-high level, the clock frequency increases in response to decrease to the input voltage. When the feedback signal is below a relatively low level, the clock frequency is independent from the input voltage.