Sn-Based P-Type Oxide TFT Channels With Low Off-Current

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing p-type oxide semiconductors used in thin film transistors (TFTs) suffer from high defect densities and poor performance, particularly in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) TFT circuits, limiting their effectiveness in display and electronic devices.

Innovation Solution

Development of Sn-based p-type oxide semiconductors, including ternary and higher order oxides with Sn (II) and additional metals, which are fabricated using atomic layer deposition (ALD) to form p-type TFTs with improved mobility and low off-current, suitable for CMOS TFT devices.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If existing p-type oxide semiconductors are used in TFTs, then device fabrication is simpler, but device performance is poor due to high defect densities

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice performanceVSAvoidfabrication complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the compositional parameters by incorporating multiple metal elements (In, Ga, Zn, Sn) in specific ratios to create a quaternary oxide semiconductor. This compositional optimization reduces defect densities and improves carrier mobility, achieving high performance while maintaining compatibility with existing TFT fabrication processes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a composite quaternary oxide semiconductor material combining In, Ga, Zn, and Sn elements. This composite structure leverages the advantageous properties of each element: In for high mobility, Ga for wide bandgap, Zn for stability, and Sn for p-type conductivity, achieving superior overall performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If ternary and higher order Sn-based p-type oxides are used, then mobility and off-current performance improve, but manufacturing process complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemobility and off-current performanceVSAvoidmanufacturing process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple deposition steps into a single atomic layer deposition (ALD) process that simultaneously deposits multiple metal precursors. This integrated approach forms the quaternary oxide semiconductor in one continuous process, improving performance while avoiding the need for separate deposition and annealing steps required by conventional methods

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Reliability

If flexible TFTs with organic channels are used, then flexibility is achieved, but performance is insufficient compared to inorganic semiconductors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice performanceVSAvoidflexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the physical state parameters by forming an amorphous phase quaternary oxide semiconductor that can be deposited at low temperatures. This amorphous structure lacks grain boundaries and dislocations, providing high mobility comparable to crystalline materials while maintaining flexibility for bendable applications

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite structure combining the amorphous quaternary oxide semiconductor channel with flexible substrate and electrode layers. This composite device structure achieves both the high performance of inorganic semiconductors and the flexibility required for flexible displays and wearable electronics

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The Sn-based p-type oxide semiconductors provide high mobility and low off-current, reducing manufacturing costs and failures associated with separately packaged IC drivers, and enable flexible TFTs on flexible substrates with higher performance than organic channels.

Implementation Method 1

forming the Sn-based p-type oxide semiconductor layer involves an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAtomic layer deposition: Chemical Vapour Deposition

Data Source

PatentEP3248222B1Tin based p-type oxide semiconductor and thin film transistor applications
Publication Date: 2026.01.14 SNAPTRACK INC
  • EP3248222B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3248222B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B
  • EP3248222B1 patent drawingFigure 4A

AI summary

This disclosure provides p-type metal oxide semiconductor thin films that display good thin film transistor (TFT) characteristics. The p-type metal oxide thin films include ternary or higher order tin-based (Sn-based) p-type oxides such as Sn (II)-M-O oxides where M is a metal. In some implementations, M is a metal selected from the d block or the p block of the periodic table. The oxides disclosed herein exhibit p-type conduction and wide bandgaps. Also provided are TFTs including channels that include p-type oxide semiconductors, and methods of fabrication. In some implementations, the p-channel TFTs have low off-currents.