SNCR Nozzle With Intermediate Discs for Reagent Evaporation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing boiler systems face challenges in achieving effective NOx reduction in flue gas through selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) due to limited reagent evaporation zones, which restrict the mixing of vapor reagents with flue gas, thereby limiting the treatment of a larger portion of flue gas.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution involves a nozzle design with a body, occlusion, and intermediate discs having slits of varying sizes and configurations, along with a cooling system and adjustable lance positioning, to enhance reagent evaporation over a larger area and improve mixing with flue gas, allowing for more efficient NOx conversion without the need for a catalyst.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If a simple nozzle design is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the evaporation zone area is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The nozzle is divided into multiple functional components: a body with a cavity, an occlusion element, and one or more intermediate discs with openings. This segmentation allows each component to contribute to expanding the evaporation zone while maintaining manufacturing simplicity. The intermediate discs create multiple injection planes that increase the effective evaporation area without requiring a completely complex nozzle design.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from a single-point injection approach to a multi-planar injection system by introducing intermediate discs at different positions within the cavity. This dimensional expansion creates multiple evaporation zones at different heights and radial positions, significantly increasing the total evaporation zone area while adding only moderate structural complexity.
2Quantity of substance
If reagent is injected in a limited space, then the injection precision is maintained, but the flue gas treatment volume is restricted
Solution Approach 1:
The injection system is segmented into multiple injection points distributed across different intermediate discs. Each disc with its openings creates a localized precision injection zone, while the collective arrangement of multiple discs expands the overall treatment volume. This allows precise reagent delivery at each point while treating a larger total volume of flue gas.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the nozzle system provide different injection characteristics. The intermediate discs create localized injection zones with specific patterns, allowing the system to maintain precise reagent delivery in each local area while the aggregate effect treats a much larger volume of flue gas throughout the combustion chamber.
3Ease of manufacture
If ammonia or urea are injected into high temperature flue gas, then the catalyst cost is eliminated, but the reagent evaporation efficiency is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The multi-planar intermediate disc structure creates evaporation zones at multiple heights and radial positions, exposing the injected reagent to different temperature zones and flow patterns. This dimensional expansion allows more effective utilization of the available thermal energy in the flue gas, improving evaporation efficiency without requiring a catalyst.
Solution Approach 2:
By dividing the injection into multiple streams through intermediate discs, each reagent stream receives adequate thermal energy for evaporation. The segmented approach prevents any single injection point from being overwhelmed by excessive temperature or insufficient mixing, thereby improving overall evaporation efficiency while maintaining the catalyst-free SNCR process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design increases the evaporation zone and improves the distribution of reagents within the boiler, leading to enhanced NOx conversion and treatment of a larger volume of flue gas, effectively reducing NOx emissions without the use of expensive catalysts.
Implementation Method 1
The reagent after injection has to evaporate to mix with the flue gas, for the mixture to undergo the selective non catalytic reaction for NOx removal
Implementation Method 2
a slit for injecting the reagent, characterized by further comprising at least one intermediate disc between the body and the occlusion, the at least one intermediate disc having at least one opening for the passage of the reagent, wherein the nozzle further has a first slit between the body and the at least one intermediate disc, a second slit between the occlusion and the at least one intermediate disc
Data Source
AI summary
The nozzle for injecting a reagent into a combustor has a body with a cavity, an occlusion for the cavity, a slit for injecting the reagent, at least one intermediate disc between the body and the occlusion, the at least one intermediate disc having at least one opening for the passage of the reagent, wherein the nozzle further has a first slit between the body and the at least one intermediate disc, a second slit between the occlusion and the at least one intermediate disc (56), and/or at least one slit having at least one corrugated border defining a variable size slit between a minimum size and a maximum size.