SNP Marker Combination for Huaxi Cattle Genetic Relationship Identification
Solution Overview
Problem
The cattle breeding industry faces challenges in accurately determining genetic relationships and pedigrees, particularly in Huaxi cattle, due to errors in breeding records and human errors during artificial insemination, which affects genetic evaluation and progress.
Innovation Solution
A combination of 1,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) molecular markers is used for genetic relationship identification, with a probe and gene chip for determining genotypes and calculating a logarithm of the odds (LOD) value to establish paternity, ensuring accurate pedigree identification and improved breeding accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional pedigree records are used for cattle breeding, then the breeding process can be maintained with simple record-keeping, but the accuracy of genetic relationship identification deteriorates due to breeding record errors and human errors during artificial insemination
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical/manual record-keeping system with a molecular biology-based SNP marker system. Instead of relying on written pedigree records that are prone to human error, the invention uses genetic markers to objectively determine parentage relationships, thereby significantly improving measurement precision while the complexity is managed through standardized laboratory protocols
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces SNP molecular markers as an intermediary between the biological parentage relationship and the recorded pedigree information. These markers serve as objective mediators that can verify or correct pedigree records, providing a bridge between biological truth and administrative records without requiring complete system overhaul
2Reliability
If SNP molecular markers are used for paternity testing, then the accuracy of pedigree identification is improved to over 99.99% confidence, but the cost and complexity of genetic testing increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the complex genome into specific SNP marker loci that are informative for parentage testing. Instead of analyzing the entire genome, the invention focuses on a curated set of markers distributed across chromosomes, which maintains high reliability (99.99% confidence) while reducing the complexity and cost of testing compared to whole-genome sequencing
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the number and distribution of SNP markers to achieve the minimum necessary for high-confidence paternity testing. By carefully selecting the number of markers and their chromosomal positions, the invention achieves over 99.99% confidence levels while controlling testing complexity and cost through parameter optimization rather than exhaustive analysis
3Adaptability or versatility
If extensive breeding methods are used in pastoral areas, then the adaptability of Huaxi cattle to different environments is improved, but the pedigree error rate increases due to difficulty in determining parents
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the manual observation and recording system used in pastoral areas with an objective molecular biology system. In extensive breeding environments where visual identification of parents is difficult, SNP markers provide an objective, DNA-based verification system that is independent of human observation accuracy, thereby maintaining measurement precision while preserving the adaptability of extensive breeding methods
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) molecular marker combination for genetic relationship identification of a Huaxi cattle, use, and an identification method, and belongs to the technical field of genotyping. The present disclosure provides a SNP molecular marker combination for genetic relationship identification of a Huaxi cattle, where the genetic relationship identification of the Huaxi cattle is completed with at least 70 of 1,000 sites. In the present disclosure, the 1,000 sites are the SNP molecular markers distributed on 29 autosomes, and two adjacent SNP molecular markers on a same autosome have an average distance of 2 Mb. A minimum allele frequency (MAF), an expected heterozygosity (HExp), and a polymorphism information content (PIC) of the SNP molecular marker combination have average values of 0.4846, 0.4983, and 0.3741, respectively; and when a maternal genotype is unknown, there is a cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) of 0.9999999999999.