Sodium Secondary Battery Electrolyte for Low-Temperature Operation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing sodium-based secondary batteries face challenges with high operating temperatures, economic disadvantages, and limited scalability due to high conductivity and melting point requirements, making them less suitable for large-scale power storage.
Innovation Solution
Development of an electrolyte for sodium secondary batteries incorporating a sodium molten salt and specific additives, such as sodium sulfate and sodium cyanate, to achieve a low melting point while maintaining high ionic conductivity, allowing for operation at lower temperatures and improved thermal stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If existing sodium-based secondary batteries (sodium-sulfur or sodium-nickel chloride) are used to achieve high ionic conductivity, then conductivity is improved, but operating temperature increases to at least 250-300°C
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by introducing specific additives (sulfonamide compounds and carboxylate compounds) to modify the physical properties of the molten salt, achieving lower melting point and operating temperature while maintaining ionic conductivity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system by combining sodium molten salt with organic additives (sulfonamide and carboxylate compounds), forming a eutectic mixture that exhibits lower melting point and improved ionic conductivity compared to pure sodium molten salt
2Reliability
If existing sodium-based secondary batteries operate at high temperatures (250-300°C) to maintain conductivity, then ionic conductivity is maintained, but economic disadvantage increases due to manufacturing and operation costs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the operating temperature parameter from 250-300°C to below 200°C through electrolyte composition modification, which directly reduces manufacturing complexity and operational costs for temperature maintenance and safety systems
3Reliability
If existing sodium-based secondary batteries maintain high operating temperatures (250-300°C) to ensure conductivity, then conductivity is maintained, but air tightness and safety reinforcement requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent reduces the operating temperature parameter to below 200°C, which simplifies the safety and air tightness systems required, as lower temperatures reduce thermal stress, oxidation risks, and containment requirements
4Temperature
If room temperature-type sodium-based batteries are developed to reduce operating temperature, then operating temperature decreases, but output becomes very small and performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite electrolyte materials combining molten salt with organic additives to achieve a eutectic composition that maintains low melting point and high ionic conductivity, preventing performance deterioration at lower operating temperatures
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes multiple parameters including temperature, conductivity, and composition simultaneously through the additive system, ensuring that power output remains high even at reduced operating temperatures below 200°C
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The electrolyte enables sodium secondary batteries to operate at 120-200°C with enhanced charge-discharge capacity, cycle characteristics, and stability, reducing the economic and environmental drawbacks of existing sodium-based batteries.
Implementation Method 1
high ionic conductivity
Implementation Method 2
low melting point
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are an electrolyte for a sodium secondary battery, and a sodium secondary battery using the same, and the sodium secondary battery using the electrolyte for a sodium secondary battery according to the present invention may have an excellent cycle characteristic, charge-discharge capacity, and stability, thereby making it possible to be operated without deterioration at a low temperature for a long time.