Sodium Hexatitanate Friction Modifier for Wide-Temperature Braking
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Friction materials containing potassium titanate fibers exhibit low friction coefficients at low temperatures and lack sufficient wear resistance, particularly at high temperatures, necessitating a friction modifier that can enhance friction and wear resistance across a wide temperature range.
Innovation Solution
Sodium hexatitanate with a novel indeterminate shape and specific surface area, produced through mechanochemical milling and firing of titanium and sodium sources, is used as a friction modifier, offering superior wear resistance and reinforcing performance in resin compositions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If potassium titanate fibers are used as friction modifier, then sliding property and braking effect are improved, but friction coefficient at low temperature decreases and wear resistance at high temperature is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameter by substituting potassium titanate with sodium hexatitanate, which has different frictional properties. This compositional parameter change enables the friction material to maintain high friction coefficients across both low and high temperature ranges, resolving the temperature-dependent friction coefficient problem
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses composite friction materials containing sodium hexatitanate combined with other friction material components. This composite approach leverages the superior high-temperature wear resistance of sodium hexatitanate while maintaining overall braking performance, addressing both the low-temperature friction issue and high-temperature wear resistance
2Reliability
If potassium titanate fibers are used as friction modifier, then braking effect is improved, but wear resistance at high temperature is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the material composition parameter by using sodium hexatitanate instead of potassium titanate. Sodium hexatitanate possesses superior high-temperature stability and wear resistance properties, which directly address the insufficient wear resistance at high temperatures while maintaining effective braking performance
Solution Approach 2:
The invention employs sodium hexatitanate particles that can be readily replaced or replenished in the friction material matrix. These particles provide durable wear resistance during high-temperature operation, extending the service life of the friction material without compromising braking effect
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The sodium hexatitanate provides stable friction and wear characteristics over a low to high temperature range, effectively improving the braking performance and service life of friction materials in various applications.
Implementation Method 1
mechanochemical milling of a titanium source and a sodium source
Implementation Method 2
firing the milled mixture
Implementation Method 3
an acid treatment that dissolves a sodium content
Data Source
AI summary
Sodium hexatitanate having a mean particle diameter in the range of 2-5 μm and an indeterminate shape, and is either obtained by firing a milled mixture obtained as a result of mechanochemical milling of a titanium source and a sodium source or prepared from sodium trititanate obtained by firing a milled mixture obtained as a result of mechanochemical milling of a titanium source and a sodium source.