Interference Cancellation Using Soft Scaling of Hard Decisions

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Solution Overview

Problem

In wireless communication systems, interference between signals complicates signal recovery due to imperfect separation caused by transmission synchronization errors and channel effects, leading to significant processing burdens for receivers, especially in low signal quality conditions.

Innovation Solution

The method employs hard decision logic for simplified estimation of interfering signals combined with soft scaling based on received signal quality to improve interference cancellation performance, particularly in low signal quality conditions, using pre-computed scaling factors stored in look-up tables.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If full-complexity demodulation and decoding is applied to interfering signals, then interference cancellation accuracy is improved, but receiver processing complexity increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterference cancellation accuracyVSAvoidreceiver processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The interference cancellation process is segmented into two distinct stages: (1) hard decision stage where interfering signal bits are detected as discrete 0s or 1s without full demodulation/decoding, and (2) soft scaling stage where these hard decisions are scaled by factors derived from signal quality metrics. This segmentation eliminates the need for full-complexity processing of interfering signals while maintaining effective cancellation through the combination of hard decisions and soft weighting.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of applying full demodulation and decoding to interfering signals (excessive action), the invention applies only hard decision processing (partial action) followed by soft scaling. This partial processing approach achieves sufficient interference cancellation accuracy without the prohibitive computational burden of complete signal processing, effectively doing 'just enough' processing to solve the problem.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

2Device complexity

If hard detection processing is used for interferer signal estimation, then receiver complexity is reduced, but interference cancellation performance deteriorates due to decreased estimation accuracy

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereceiver complexityVSAvoidinterference estimation accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The invention introduces soft scaling factors as an intermediary element between hard detected interfering signal bits and the final interference cancellation operation. These scaling factors, derived from signal quality metrics such as SINR or SNR, act as mediators that adjust the contribution of each hard decision based on its reliability. This intermediary mechanism allows the system to use simple hard decisions while compensating for their accuracy limitations through adaptive weighting, thereby maintaining cancellation performance without increasing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the parameter of interference signal representation from soft values (high accuracy, high complexity) to hard decisions (low accuracy, low complexity), then compensates by introducing a new parameter - the soft scaling factor - that is derived from signal quality metrics. This parameter change transforms the fundamentally simple hard decisions into adaptively weighted contributions that maintain accuracy while preserving low complexity throughout the processing chain.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Device complexity

If hard decisions are used for interferer signal bits, then processing complexity is reduced, but reliability of interference cancellation decreases in low signal quality conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing complexityVSAvoidinterference cancellation reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention introduces dynamics into the interference cancellation process by making the scaling factors adaptive rather than static. The scaling factors are dynamically adjusted based on real-time signal quality measurements (SINR or SNR), allowing the system to automatically adapt its behavior to current channel conditions. In low signal quality conditions, the dynamics enable the system to reduce reliance on potentially unreliable hard decisions, thereby maintaining reliability without sacrificing the complexity benefits of hard decision processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP2329627B1Method and apparatus for low-complexity interference cancellation in communication signal processing
Publication Date: 2016.03.30 TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL)
  • EP2329627B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2329627B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2329627B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The teachings herein disclose interference cancellation processing that uses hard decision logic for simplified estimation of interfering signals, in combination with soft scaling of the hard decisions for better interference cancellation performance, particularly in low signal quality conditions. In one aspect, the soft scaling may be understood as attenuating the amount of interference cancellation applied by a receiver, in dependence on the dynamically changing received signal quality at the receiver. More attenuation is applied at lower signal quality because the hard decisions are less reliable at lower signal qualities, while less (or no) attenuation is applied at higher signal qualities, reflecting the higher reliability of the hard decisions at higher signal qualities. Signal quality may be quantized into ranges, with a different value of soft scaling factor used for each range, or a soft scaling factor may be calculated for the continuum of measured signal quality.