Softened Solid-State Electrolytes via Anion Substitution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current lithium ion batteries with organic liquid electrolytes face limitations in voltage, stability, and safety due to lithium dendrite growth and leakage concerns, while solid-state batteries struggle with achieving a stable interface and low interfacial impedance between the solid-state electrolyte and electrodes.
Innovation Solution
A softened solid-state electrolyte is developed by replacing a portion of the oxide or sulfide anions with a replacement anion having a larger atomic radius, reducing the elastic modulus and enhancing interfacial contact with electrodes, which can be implemented in various types such as garnet, lithium super ionic conductor, or sulfide-based electrolytes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If solid-state electrolyte is used to replace organic liquid electrolyte, then safety is improved and leakage is prevented, but interfacial impedance increases and ion transfer efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the solid-state electrolyte by replacing oxide anions with larger-radius anions (S2−, Se2−, Br−, I−), which softens the electrolyte material and reduces its elastic modulus, thereby improving interfacial contact and reducing interfacial impedance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite solid-state electrolyte system by combining oxide-based electrolytes with alternative anion components (sulfide, selenide, halide), achieving a material that maintains solid-state safety benefits while gaining improved ion transfer properties
2Reliability
If oxide-based solid-state electrolyte is used, then high ion conductivity is achieved, but elastic modulus is high and interfacial contact with electrodes is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the elastic modulus parameter of the solid-state electrolyte by anion replacement, softening the material to achieve better mechanical compliance and interfacial contact with electrodes while preserving ion conductivity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local softening to the solid-state electrolyte material by selectively replacing oxide anions with larger-radius anions, creating regions of reduced stiffness that improve interfacial contact without compromising overall structural integrity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution improves the interfacial contact and ion transfer between the electrolyte and electrodes, addressing the stability and safety issues of traditional lithium ion batteries and enhancing the performance of solid-state batteries.
Implementation Method 1
at least a portion of the oxide anions in the oxide-based solid-state electrolyte is replaced with a replacement anion that has a larger atomic radius than the oxide anion
Data Source
AI summary
In an embodiment, a softened solid-state electrolyte, comprises an oxide-based solid-state electrolyte, where at least a portion of the oxide anions in the oxide-based solid-state electrolyte is replaced with a replacement anion. In another embodiment, a softened solid-state electrolyte comprises a sulfide-based solid-state electrolyte, wherein at least a portion of the sulfide anions in the sulfide-based solid-state electrolyte is replaced with the replacement anion. When the replacement anion replaces the oxide anion, the replacement anion has a larger atomic radius than the oxide anion and when the replacement anion replaces the sulfide anion, the replacement anion has a larger atomic radius than the sulfide anion.