Solar Battery Controller with Forward Light Detection for MPPT Tracking
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Solution Overview
Problem
Solar battery controllers installed on moving objects face challenges in tracking the maximum output point efficiently due to rapid fluctuations in solar radiation, leading to decreased power generation when shadowing occurs, as existing methods like MPPT take longer to adapt to changes in light intensity.
Innovation Solution
A solar battery controller with a bypass portion and light intensity detecting units arranged ahead of solar battery clusters, allowing the control unit to dynamically adjust the start voltage based on the number of bypassed clusters, enabling quicker tracking of the maximum power point and minimizing power loss during shadowing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If MPPT is used to track the maximum output point, then the maximum power generation is achieved under stable conditions, but the tracking speed is slow when solar radiation fluctuates rapidly
Solution Approach 1:
The light intensity detecting unit detects light intensity changes before they affect the solar battery clusters (since it is arranged ahead in the traveling direction). This preliminary detection allows the control unit to predict upcoming shadowing and adjust the bypass configuration in advance, reducing the tracking time when radiation fluctuates rapidly
2Productivity
If solar battery clusters are bypassed to maintain power output during shadowing, then power generation efficiency is improved, but the P-V characteristic curve fluctuates significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The control unit continuously monitors light intensity changes via the detecting unit and uses this feedback to dynamically adjust the bypass configuration. This closed-loop control allows the system to respond adaptively to shadowing while maintaining stable P-V characteristics by coordinating bypass activation with predicted light intensity changes
3Speed
If light intensity detecting units are arranged ahead of solar battery clusters, then the system can predict shadowing and improve tracking speed, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The light intensity detecting unit serves multiple functions: it detects current light intensity, predicts upcoming shadowing based on its forward position, and provides input for both bypass control and MPPT optimization. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate detection systems, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution improves the trackability of the maximum output point, reducing power generation inefficiencies caused by shadowing and enabling faster adaptation to changing light conditions, thus maintaining higher power output on moving objects.
Implementation Method 1
a first light intensity detecting unit configured to detect a light intensity that is applied to a corresponding one of the solar battery clusters
Implementation Method 2
a solar battery module including a plurality of solar battery clusters
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3A~3B
AI summary
A solar battery controller includes: a solar battery module including a plurality of solar battery clusters and a bypass portion, the plurality of solar battery clusters being arranged side by side in a direction that intersects with a traveling direction of a moving object, the plurality of solar battery clusters being connected in series, the bypass portion being configured to bypass the solar battery cluster to which a light intensity applied has decreased; a light intensity detecting unit configured to detect a light intensity that is applied to a corresponding one of the solar battery clusters, the light intensity detecting unit being arranged ahead of the corresponding one of the solar battery clusters in the traveling direction of the moving object; and a control unit configured to determine a maximum power point of the solar battery module.