Solar Cell Encapsulant Sheet with Silane Crosslinking

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Solution Overview

Problem

Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer-based sheets for solar cell encapsulants face challenges with increased moisture permeability, reduced transparency and flexibility, and the need for a crosslinking process, which affects durability and productivity in solar cell modules.

Innovation Solution

A sheet comprising an ethylene-based polymer with a melting point of 90° C or higher, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer with a vinyl acetate content ratio of 19% to 40% by mass, and a silane coupling agent with an amino group, which enhances adhesiveness and stability without requiring a crosslinking treatment.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Illumination intensity

If the vinyl acetate content ratio in ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is increased to improve transparency and adhesiveness, then transparency and adhesiveness are improved, but moisture permeability increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovetransparencyVSAvoidmoisture permeability
Core Design Contradiction:
Illumination intensityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a composite material system consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer combined with silane coupling agent and peroxide. The silane coupling agent forms a crosslinked network structure that reduces moisture permeability while maintaining the transparency and adhesiveness provided by the vinyl acetate units in the copolymer.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes the vinyl acetate content ratio within a specific range (20-40%) rather than using high ratios, and combines this with controlled crosslinking degree parameters. This parameter optimization achieves the balance between transparency/adhesiveness and moisture barrier properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Temperature

If a crosslinking process is applied to obtain heat resistance, then heat resistance is improved, but production time increases and productivity decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat resistanceVSAvoidproduction time
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The silane coupling agent is incorporated into the copolymer matrix during sheet formation in advance, so that the crosslinking reaction can proceed rapidly during the lamination process without requiring separate prolonged crosslinking treatment. This preliminary incorporation enables fast in-situ crosslinking.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces traditional prolonged thermal crosslinking processes with a rapid crosslinking system using silane coupling agent and peroxide that activates during lamination. This substitution reduces crosslinking time from hours to minutes, significantly improving productivity while maintaining heat resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If the vinyl acetate content ratio is decreased to reduce moisture permeability, then moisture permeability is reduced, but transparency and flexibility decrease

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemoisture permeabilityVSAvoidtransparency
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSIllumination intensity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite where silane coupling agent molecules form a three-dimensional crosslinked network within the copolymer matrix. This network structure provides the moisture barrier function, allowing the copolymer to maintain higher vinyl acetate content (20-40%) for transparency and flexibility without excessive moisture permeability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

4Object-affected harmful factors

If the vinyl acetate content ratio is decreased to reduce moisture permeability, then moisture permeability is reduced, but adhesiveness decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemoisture permeabilityVSAvoidadhesiveness
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The silane coupling agent forms crosslinked structures that enhance adhesion between the encapsulant and solar cell surfaces. The crosslinked network provides mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding, compensating for the reduced adhesiveness that would result from lower vinyl acetate content, while simultaneously providing moisture barrier protection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides excellent transparency, flexibility, and adhesiveness, improving the durability and productivity of solar cell modules while maintaining stability and reducing the need for heating treatments.

Implementation Method 1

a silane coupling agent having an amino group

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical bonding: Chemical Bonding

Implementation Method 2

an ethylene-based polymer having a melting point of 90° C. or higher

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMelting point: Melting

Data Source

PatentUS8791208B2Sheet for solar cell encapsulant and solar cell module
Publication Date: 2014.07.29 DOW MITSUI POLYCHEMICALS CO LTD

AI summary

Provided is a sheet for a solar cell encapsulant containing (A) an ethylene-based polymer having a melting point of 90° C. or higher and containing an ethylene-derived constituent unit as a main component; (B) an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate-derived constituent unit at a content ratio of from 19% to 40% by mass; and (C) a silane coupling agent having an amino group. The sheet for solar cell encapsulant has the excellent transparency and flexibility possessed by an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Furthermore, a crosslinking treatment is substantially unnecessary, and adhesiveness and adhesion stability that are appropriate for practical use are obtained.