Automated Solar Cell String Assembly for Space Panel Mounting

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Solution Overview

Problem

The manufacturing and assembly of photovoltaic solar arrays, particularly for space applications, are labor-intensive and inefficient, with manual processes making it challenging to achieve high performance and low cost, especially in interconnecting III-V compound semiconductor multijunction solar cells.

Innovation Solution

An automated process for fabricating solar cell panels using automated assembly tools and methods, including the use of interconnect fabrication ribbons to form series and parallel electrical connections between solar cells, with machine vision and robotic alignment for precise placement and bonding, allowing for the assembly of solar panels from various photovoltaic technologies.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If manual processes are used for assembling solar cells, then flexibility and adaptability are maintained, but labor intensity increases and productivity decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveassembly efficiencyVSAvoidmanual labor requirement
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSExtent of automation

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses machine vision to automatically detect and locate solar cells, and robotic arms to perform positioning and interconnection, enabling the assembly process to serve itself without manual intervention. The automated system adapts to cell variations through visual feedback and programmable control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

Manual mechanical assembly operations are replaced with automated robotic systems that use computer control, machine vision, and automated bonding mechanisms to perform positioning, alignment, and interconnection of solar cells.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Productivity

If automated assembly is implemented, then productivity increases and labor costs decrease, but device complexity and initial manufacturing complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing efficiencyVSAvoidautomation system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The automated assembly system is designed with universal capabilities to handle different solar cell types, sizes, and configurations through programmable robotic arms and adjustable fixturing, allowing one system to perform multiple assembly functions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

Machine vision systems serve as intermediaries between the solar cells and the robotic assembly mechanisms, providing automated detection, positioning information, and quality verification without requiring direct human intervention.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Manufacturing precision

If precise alignment and bonding are achieved through automated processes, then manufacturing precision improves, but process complexity and equipment requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecell placement precisionVSAvoidassembly equipment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Manual alignment and positioning operations are replaced with automated robotic systems that use machine vision for detection and programmable control for precise positioning, achieving sub-millimeter accuracy through computer control rather than manual skill.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system creates a digital representation of the desired array configuration and uses this virtual model to guide the robotic assembly process, ensuring precise placement by comparing actual positions with the planned configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

4Adaptability or versatility

If customized current-voltage inputs are produced through automated assembly, then adaptability to different applications improves, but process flexibility requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecustomization capabilityVSAvoidprocess configuration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The assembly system uses programmable and reconfigurable processes that can dynamically adjust to different solar cell types, array configurations, and electrical requirements through software control, allowing customization without physical reconfiguration of the equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The automated assembly system incorporates universal fixtures, grippers, and bonding mechanisms that can accommodate various solar cell formats and interconnection patterns, enabling production of customized arrays for different applications using the same equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces labor costs and increases efficiency, enabling the production of high-performance solar panels with customized current-voltage inputs, suitable for extreme environments, and adaptable to different photovoltaic technologies, while ensuring reliable and efficient assembly processes.

Implementation Method 1

automatically bonding a first end portion of a first electrical interconnect ribbon disposed on the interconnect fabrication ribbon to the first electrical contact on the first solar cell; and automatically bonding a second electrically conductive end portion of the first electrical interconnect to the third electrical contact of the second solar cell

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMetallurgical bonding: Welding

Data Source

PatentEP3809471B1Automated assembly and mounting of solar cells on space panels
Publication Date: 2024.03.13 SOLAERO TECHNOLOGIES CORP
  • EP3809471B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3809471B1 patent drawingFigure 1C
  • EP3809471B1 patent drawingFigure 1D~1E

AI summary

A method of automatically fabricating a rectangular array of series connected solar cells by fabricating a first linear string of series-interconnected solar cells, the first string having a first end and opposite second end; automatically positioning the first string of series-interconnected solar cells on a first position on an assembly fixture; subsequently fabricating a second linear string of series-interconnected solar cells; the second string having a first end and an opposite second end; automatically positioning the second string of series-interconnected solar cells on a second position on the assembly fixture so that the first and second string are arranged parallel and directly adjacent to each other; electrically interconnecting the second end of the first string with the second end of the second string so that the first and second strings are connected in a series electrical circuit; and repeating the above steps to produce a rectangular array.