Solar Surface Condensation Cleaning Using Compressed Air Cooling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Solar systems with transmissive or reflective light receiving surfaces face performance issues due to particulate contamination, particularly in urban, remote, or offshore locations where high particle and dirt concentrations occur, leading to operational efficiency drops.

Innovation Solution

A solar system comprising a condensation subassembly that uses compressed air expansion to cool the light receiving surface, condensing humidity, which is collected and used for cleaning through a water collection and cleaning subassembly, featuring a water dispensing unit with spray nozzles and optional filtration and recycling systems.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If the light receiving surface is exposed to ambient air for solar energy collection, then solar energy conversion is enabled, but particulate contamination accumulates on the surface reducing performance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesolar energy conversionVSAvoidparticulate contamination
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses ambient humidity from the air to clean the light receiving surface itself. The light receiving surface serves dual purposes: solar energy collection and water collection media. Condensed water naturally flows to collection vessels and is then used to clean the surface, creating a self-sustaining cleaning cycle without external water supply or complex cleaning mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The invention converts the harmful effect of ambient humidity (which could cause condensation and reduce solar performance) into a beneficial resource. By actively managing condensation through controlled cooling, the system transforms excess humidity into clean water for surface cleaning, turning a potential performance-reducing factor into a useful cleaning agent.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Quantity of substance

If compressed air expansion is used to cool the light receiving surface for condensation, then water collection is enabled, but energy is consumed for compression

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecondensed waterVSAvoidcompression energy
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The compressed air system serves multiple functions: it cools the light receiving surface to enable condensation, pressurizes the collected water for efficient delivery to nozzles, and can potentially be used for cleaning. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate systems and justifies the energy investment by achieving multiple objectives with a single energy input.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the temperature parameter of the light receiving surface through compressed air expansion (Joule-Thomson effect), enabling condensation of ambient humidity. This parameter change transforms the surface into an active water collection medium, allowing water harvesting from atmospheric moisture without requiring external water sources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Extent of automation

If water collection and cleaning systems are integrated, then self-sustaining operation is achieved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveself-sustaining operationVSAvoidcleaning hardware integration
Core Design Contradiction:
Extent of automationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention merges the water collection system and cleaning system into a single integrated unit. The light receiving surface serves as both the solar energy collector and the water collection media. Condensed water flows directly to collection vessels positioned at the bottom edges, and the same water is then pressurized and delivered back to clean the surface, creating a closed-loop self-sustaining system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses pneumatic principles (compressed air) for multiple functions: cooling the surface for condensation, pressurizing collected water for delivery, and potentially for actuating cleaning mechanisms. This pneumatic integration reduces the need for separate electric pumps and motors, simplifying the overall system architecture while achieving self-sustaining operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Effectively addresses particulate contamination by inducing condensation, collecting, and using water for efficient cleaning, enhancing the operational efficiency of solar systems while minimizing energy consumption and maintaining performance across varying environmental conditions.

Implementation Method 1

expansion of compressed air in the expansion chamber, as controlled by the compressed air expansion valve, encourages humidity condensation on the light receiving surface by reducing the temperature of the light receiving surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCompressed air expansion cooling: Adiabatic Cooling

Implementation Method 2

The expansion chamber of the condensation subassembly is thermally coupled to the light receiving surface and thermally insulated from the ambient

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal insulation: Thermal Insulation

Data Source

PatentEP3245455B1Solar systems comprising self sustainable condensation, water collection, and cleaning subassemblies
Publication Date: 2018.12.12 SAUDI ARABIAN OIL CO
  • EP3245455B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3245455B1 patent drawingFigure 2~5
  • EP3245455B1 patent drawingFigure 6~7

AI summary

A solar system (100) is provided comprising a light receiving surface (10), a condensation subassembly (20), a water collection subassembly (30), and a cleaning subassembly (40). The expansion chamber (24) of the condensation subassembly is thermally coupled to the light receiving surface and thermally insulated from the ambient such that expansion of compressed air in the expansion chamber, as controlled by the compressed air expansion valve (22), encourages humidity condensation on the light receiving surface by reducing the temperature of the light receiving surface. The water collection subassembly comprises a water collection vessel and water direction hardware (34) positioned to direct condensed water on the light receiving surface to the water collection vessel. The cleaning subassembly comprises a water dispensing unit (42) positioned to dispense water from the water collection vessel over the light receiving surface of the solar system (100).