Solar Protection Glazing with Si-Ti Oxide Layer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing glazing technologies face challenges in maintaining optical and thermal properties during heat treatments, such as bending or tempering, which can lead to modifications in light transmission and appearance, and the application of enamel coatings at high temperatures often results in defects like blurring.
Innovation Solution
A glazing system comprising a stack of thin layers, including a titanium oxide layer with a specific Si/Ti atomic ratio, dielectric sub-layers, and over-layers made of materials like silicon nitride and oxynitride, which are resistant to heat treatments up to 650°C without significant optical or thermal changes, and can be enameled without blurring.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If heat treatment is applied to glass substrates to improve strength and resistance, then mechanical durability is improved, but the optical and thermal properties of the thin-layer stack are significantly modified
Solution Approach 1:
The thin-layer stack is deposited on the glass substrate before heat treatment, allowing the layers to be formed in a controlled environment where their optical and thermal properties can be precisely controlled. The heat treatment is then applied to the already-formed stack, which has been designed to withstand these conditions without significant property modification.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses a composite structure consisting of multiple thin layers (metallic layer, dielectric layers, and functional layers) deposited on the glass substrate. Each layer is carefully selected and controlled to provide specific functions while collectively maintaining stability during heat treatment, resolving the contradiction between mechanical durability and property stability.
2Illumination intensity
If layers are deposited after heat treatment to maintain optical properties, then optical appearance is improved, but manufacturing complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The thin-layer stack is deposited on the glass substrate before heat treatment, allowing the layers to be formed in a controlled environment where their optical and thermal properties can be precisely controlled. The heat treatment is then applied to the already-formed stack, which has been designed to withstand these conditions without significant property modification.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If exterior-facing layers are used to provide solar protection, then solar filtering is improved, but durability during heat treatment deteriorates due to oxidation
Solution Approach 1:
A dielectric layer is introduced as an intermediary between the metallic functional layer and the external environment. This dielectric layer protects the metallic layer from oxidation during heat treatment while allowing the functional layer to maintain its solar filtering properties, thus resolving the contradiction between solar protection and durability.
4Illumination intensity
If light transmission is increased to maintain aesthetic appearance, then optical appearance is improved, but thermal insulation performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The invention uses a composite structure consisting of multiple thin layers (metallic layer, dielectric layers, and functional layers) deposited on the glass substrate. Each layer is carefully selected and controlled to provide specific functions while collectively maintaining stability during heat treatment, resolving the contradiction between mechanical durability and property stability.
Solution Approach 2:
Different layers in the stack are designed with different properties: some layers are optimized for light transmission to maintain aesthetic appearance, while other layers are optimized for thermal insulation to reduce energy loss. This local differentiation of properties within the composite structure allows both requirements to be satisfied simultaneously.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The glazing system maintains its optical and thermal performance, including light transmission and colorimetry, after heat treatments, and allows for uniform aesthetic appearance in both vision and spandrel applications, preventing blurring and optical defects.
Implementation Method 1
by selecting the chemical nature, the thicknesses and the succession of the thin layers constituting the stack, we can significantly act on the quantity of energy of the solar radiation entering or leaving a room
Implementation Method 2
such glazing makes it possible to avoid excessive heating inside them in summer
Implementation Method 3
the oxide layers surrounding the functional layer cannot prevent its oxidation during bending or tempering, oxidation accompanied by a modification of light transmission
Implementation Method 4
deposited by the technique of cathode sputtering assisted by a magnetic field (magnetron)
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The invention relates to a solar protection and/or thermal insulation glazing comprising a substrate, in particular a glass substrate, provided with a stack of thin layers which act on solar radiation, said stack consisting of the succession of the following layers, starting from the surface of the glass: an underlayer or a set of underlayers, said underlayer(s) consisting of dielectric materials, a layer based on titanium oxide also comprising silicon, the overall Si/Ti atomic ratio in said layer being between 0.01 and 0.25 and in which Si and Ti represent at least 90% of the atoms other than oxygen, the thickness of said layer being between 20 and 70 nm, - an overlayer or a set of overlayers, said overlayer(s) consisting of dielectric materials.