Solar Inverter MPPT Control via Priority-Based DC-DC Converter Limiting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing solar power inverter systems do not achieve the desired level of efficiency in utilizing power from photovoltaic cells, with complex measures often required for maximum power point tracking (MPPT).
Innovation Solution
A method for controlling a solar power inverter with multiple photovoltaic inputs, involving the identification and prioritization of PV inputs based on characteristics like output voltage or temperature, and limiting input power to enhance efficiency by calculating and applying a set value for the DC-DC converters, ensuring operation at or below the maximum power capacity of each PV module.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is implemented to maximize power output from PV cells, then power utilization efficiency is improved, but control complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the operating parameters of individual DC-DC converters based on real-time PV input conditions. Each converter's duty cycle and switching frequency are modified to track the maximum power point, enabling efficient power extraction without requiring complex centralized control. This decentralized parameter adjustment resolves the contradiction by achieving high productivity through simple, localized control actions.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple PV inputs are processed independently without prioritization, then system adaptability is improved, but power distribution efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements local quality by assigning different priority levels to different PV inputs based on their individual characteristics such as power availability, efficiency metrics, and operational status. Each PV input is treated with differentiated control quality rather than uniform processing. The control system selectively prioritizes certain inputs over others, optimizing power distribution efficiency while maintaining the ability to adapt to varying input conditions. This resolves the contradiction by achieving both adaptability and efficiency through localized, quality-differentiated control.
3Productivity
If DC-DC converters operate at maximum power capacity continuously, then power output is maximized, but system reliability deteriorates under varying conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the power capacity allocation flexible and adaptive rather than fixed. The maximum power capacity of each DC-DC converter is dynamically adjusted based on real-time monitoring of PV input conditions, converter status, and overall system requirements. When conditions are favorable, converters operate at or near maximum capacity; when conditions deteriorate or imbalance is detected, the system automatically reduces capacity utilization. This dynamic approach maintains high productivity while preserving system reliability under varying conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach simplifies the control process and enhances the overall efficiency of the solar power inverter by optimizing power usage across PV inputs, allowing for efficient operation even under varying conditions, thereby improving the system's ability to draw maximum power from PV modules.
Implementation Method 1
a DC-DC converter at each of the photovoltaic inputs and a DC-AC inverter for converting the outputs of the DC-DC converters
Implementation Method 2
a DC-AC inverter for converting the outputs of the DC-DC converters to an AC output power
Implementation Method 3
PV (photovoltaic) inputs for connecting photovoltaic modules
Data Source
AI summary
A solar power inverter includes a number of photovoltaic (PV) inputs for connecting PV modules, a DC-DC converter at each of the PV inputs and a DC-AC inverter for converting the outputs of the DC-DC converters to an AC output power that may be fed into a power grid. The invention provides a method of controlling such a solar power inverter including the steps of identifying a PV input by assigning a priority value to the PV inputs and identifying the PV input with the highest assigned priority value, calculating a set value for the DC-DC converter at the identified PV input that is equal or below a maximum power capacity of the PV module connected to the identified PV input, and applying the set value for the DC-DC converter at the identified PV input.