Solar Load Management Controller for Grid and Battery Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing solar photovoltaic systems face challenges in balancing generation with demand, requiring grid connection for nighttime power and excess capacity management, and are limited by remote locations from grid connections, with battery storage being costly and space-constrained.
Innovation Solution
A solar-energy electricity generation system with integrated load management, comprising solar photovoltaic modules, a battery bank, a current conditioner, and a local controller, which manages generation, storage, and supply of electricity based on demand instructions, allowing direct current to alternating current conversion and selective distribution to battery storage or grid.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If solar photovoltaic systems are installed at remote locations away from grid connections, then land use flexibility is improved, but connection to electricity grid is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the solar photovoltaic installation into independent modular units, each with its own controller and battery storage. This segmentation allows individual modules to operate autonomously at remote locations while maintaining the ability to connect to the grid when available, thus resolving the contradiction between land use flexibility and grid connection reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
Battery storage systems serve as intermediaries between the solar photovoltaic modules and the grid. They enable the system to store excess energy generated at remote locations and provide power when grid connection is unavailable, thereby maintaining reliability while preserving location flexibility.
2Quantity of substance
If battery storage is used to store generated electricity, then energy storage capability is improved, but cost and space requirements are worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements battery storage at a partial scale relative to total generation capacity, rather than requiring full-scale storage. This allows the system to store sufficient energy to bridge periods without sunlight or grid connection, while avoiding the excessive cost and space requirements of complete energy independence.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery storage capacity is designed to be dynamically adjustable based on actual usage patterns and grid availability. The system can optimize storage utilization rather than requiring fixed oversized capacity, reducing both cost and space requirements while maintaining adequate energy storage capability.
3Device complexity
If solar photovoltaic systems operate independently without integrated load management, then system simplicity is improved, but ability to balance generation with demand is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The system incorporates feedback mechanisms where controllers continuously monitor generation levels, storage status, and demand patterns. This feedback enables automatic adjustment of power distribution between grid connection, battery storage, and direct load supply, achieving effective load management while maintaining relatively simple system architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-service load management through automated control algorithms that balance generation with demand without requiring complex external management infrastructure. The controllers autonomously optimize power allocation based on real-time conditions, achieving adaptability while preserving system simplicity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively regulates electricity generation, storage, and supply to meet demand, optimizing energy use and reducing reliance on grid connections, especially during off-peak hours or low sunlight conditions.
Implementation Method 1
a plurality of solar photovoltaic modules mounted in an array at a solar energy generation site for generation of direct current electricity upon exposure to ambient light
Implementation Method 2
a battery bank for receiving and storing direct current electricity generated by the plurality of solar photovoltaic modules
Data Source
AI summary
An integrated load management controller for directing electrical current generated by a plurality of solar photovoltaic modules exposed to ambient light selectively through a diverter to a battery bank for storage and to a current conditioner for supply of electrical current into an electrical grid, based on a supply demand communicated by an electrical grid demand controller, for managing the generation, storage, and supply of electrical current from the solar photovoltaic modules. A method of supplying supplemental electrical current to an electrical grid servicing load center using a solar-energy electricity generation system is disclosed.