Spherical Solar Module Cooling with Ferrofluid Seal

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Solution Overview

Problem

Solar power systems face efficiency reduction due to high temperatures and dust accumulation in sunny climates, which leads to decreased power output.

Innovation Solution

A solar power system with a spherical design that incorporates a self-cleaning mechanism using a ferrofluid seal and a magneto-caloric pump to circulate a cooling fluid, reducing surface temperature and maintaining efficiency with minimal maintenance and energy consumption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If solar power systems operate in sunny climates with high temperatures, then power output increases due to more sunlight, but efficiency decreases due to high surface temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower outputVSAvoidefficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent utilizes the abundant sunlight in sunny climates not only for power generation but also as a heat source to drive a thermal pump system. The solar collector captures excess solar energy that would otherwise overheat the PV cells, converting this harmful thermal energy into useful cooling through the pump mechanism, thereby resolving the contradiction between maximizing power output and maintaining efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts the cooling mechanism by using a thermal pump that operates based on temperature differential. When surface temperature rises above optimal levels, the pump activates to transfer heat away; when temperatures are acceptable, the pump reduces or stops operation. This parameter-based control maintains efficiency while adapting to varying solar irradiance conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If solar power systems operate in dusty environments, then power output increases due to sunny conditions, but efficiency decreases due to dust accumulation on surfaces

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower outputVSAvoidefficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the dust accumulation problem into a beneficial cleaning function by using the solar-driven thermal pump system to power a surface cleaning mechanism. The same solar energy that causes overheating is also used to drive the removal of dust particles from the PV cell surfaces, simultaneously addressing both thermal management and contamination issues.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The solar thermal pump system serves multiple functions: it provides cooling when temperatures are excessive, powers the cleaning mechanism to remove dust, and can be integrated with the electrical generation system. This multi-functional approach allows a single system to address both thermal and contamination-related efficiency losses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Reliability

If conventional cooling systems are used to maintain PV cell temperature, then efficiency is maintained, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveefficiencyVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is designed to be self-powered by capturing excess thermal energy from the PV cells themselves and the surrounding solar radiation. The thermal pump uses the temperature differential between the hot PV cells and the ambient environment to drive the cooling process without requiring external electrical power, making the system self-sufficient and eliminating additional energy consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces conventional electrically-powered cooling systems with a thermally-driven pump mechanism. Instead of using electricity to run compressors or fans, the system uses passive thermal energy transfer and thermodynamic cycles driven by solar heat, substituting mechanical/electrical systems with thermal processes that require no external energy input.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system enhances solar panel efficiency by maintaining lower surface temperatures and reducing dust impact, ensuring consistent power output with automated cleaning and cooling functions.

Implementation Method 1

a low or no energy magneto-caloric pump mechanism to circulate a cooling fluid to cool a solar panel of the power system

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagneto-caloric effect: Magnetocaloric Effect

Implementation Method 2

the cleaning system of a solar power system of the present disclosure may experience little to no evaporation of a cleaning solution, as well as little to no friction between the solar panel and the cleaning system, through a ferrofluid seal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFerrofluid sealing: Ferrofluid

Implementation Method 3

a spherical design that provides 150% more surface area for the exposed hemispherical region for solar absorption than a planar solar panel

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSolar radiation absorption: Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 4

utilize a heat transfer material which requires no power to cool the solar panel of the power system

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Heat Exchanger

Data Source

PatentEP3566301B1Cooling a solar power module
Publication Date: 2020.10.07 SAUDI ARABIAN OIL CO
  • EP3566301B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3566301B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3566301B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A solar power system includes a plurality of solar power cells mounted on an outer surface of a spherical frame, the spherical frame including an inner surface that defines an interior volume; a heat sink that includes a hollow housing mounted within the interior volume of the spherical frame; and a phase change material positioned in the hollow housing of the heat sink, the phase change material thermally coupled to the inner surface of the spherical frame to receive heat from the outer surface of the spherical frame.