Solar Pyrolysis-Gasification Reactor for High-Calorific Gas
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current pyrolysis-gasification technologies for producing gaseous fuel from solid wastes face challenges such as high energy consumption, increased production costs, and poor gas quality due to excessive air introduction and low calorific value, limiting their industrial application.
Innovation Solution
A system incorporating a concentrating solar collection pyrolysis-gasification reactor with a double-tube structure, heat carrier circulation, and vapor as a gasification agent, which reduces energy requirements and improves gas quality by using solar heat and vapor generated within the system, eliminating the need for air introduction and enhancing the H2/CO ratio.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If air is introduced as a gasification agent to maintain energy requirements, then the energy supply is sufficient, but the produced gas has high N2 and CO2 content resulting in low calorific value (4-6 MJ/m3)
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the gasification agent from air to steam (vapor), fundamentally altering the chemical composition of the produced gas. This parameter change eliminates nitrogen and reduces CO2 content, directly improving calorific value from 4-6 MJ/m3 to over 10 MJ/m3 while maintaining sufficient energy supply for the process
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a heat carrier (solid particles) as an intermediary medium to transfer solar thermal energy to the feedstock. This intermediary enables efficient energy transfer without requiring excessive air introduction, thus maintaining energy requirements while improving gas quality by reducing nitrogen dilution
2Temperature
If a large amount of air is introduced into the reaction system due to self-heating, then the temperature is maintained, but the introduced nitrogen flows into the subsequent gas condensation and purification process, greatly increasing the cooling energy consumption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the heating mechanism from air-based convection to steam-based heating, eliminating the need for large amounts of air introduction. This parameter change removes the source of nitrogen that would require cooling, thereby reducing cooling energy consumption while maintaining reaction temperature through steam condensation heat transfer
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical air introduction system with a steam injection system. This substitution eliminates the need for fans and air handling equipment, reducing both the nitrogen load and the associated cooling energy requirements while maintaining temperature control through phase change heat transfer
3Use of energy by moving object
If waste combustion is used to obtain energy for pyrolysis-gasification, then the energy requirement is met, but more than 20% of waste materials are consumed, impacting effective utilization of raw materials and increasing production costs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a self-service energy system where steam generated from the process itself is used as the gasification agent and heat source. The system produces its own energy carrier (steam) from the feedstock, eliminating the need to consume additional waste materials for energy generation, thus improving raw material utilization efficiency while meeting energy requirements
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes phase transitions of water (liquid to vapor to liquid) as the core energy transfer mechanism. Water is heated to generate steam, which then condenses in the reactor providing latent heat for gasification. This phase transition cycle creates a self-sustaining energy system that does not require combustion of additional waste materials
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves a higher calorific value of over 10 MJ/m3, improves gas quality, and reduces energy consumption, making it more cost-effective and suitable for industrial use by optimizing energy utilization and gasification efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
concentrating solar collection pyrolysis-gasification reactor
Implementation Method 2
pyrolysis-gasification technology of the combustible solid waste
Implementation Method 3
heat carrier circulation, and vapor as a gasification agent
Implementation Method 4
vapor as a gasification agent, which reduces energy requirements and improves gas quality
Data Source
AI summary
A system for producing high-quality gas includes a heat carrier hoist, a coke feeder, a heat carrier heating furnace, a gas mixer, a high-temperature induced draft fan, a heat carrier storage tank, a dryer, a hopper, a concentrating solar collection pyrolysis-gasification reactor having a double-tube structure, a three-phase separator and a coke collecting bin. The system may use an adjustable concentrating solar collection technology in combination with a heat carrier circulation heating process, so as to effectively solve heat requirements of the waste pyrolysis and gasification process, reduce the waste material consumption caused by energy supply, and improve the effective utilization of raw materials.