All-Solid Battery Anode Structure for Lithium Dendrite Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing all-solid secondary batteries using oxide-based solid electrolytes face issues with lithium dendrite growth and short-circuits, leading to decreased battery capacity, which are not adequately addressed by current technologies.
Innovation Solution
The battery design incorporates an anode active material layer with a binding strength of 14 mN/mm to 100 mN/mm and a film strength of 16 MPa to 85 MPa, using oxide, phosphate, borate, sulfate, or oxynitride solid electrolytes, along with anode active materials that form alloys or compounds with lithium, to suppress lithium dendrite growth and precipitation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If an oxide-based solid electrolyte layer is used, then the battery structure is simplified and manufacturing is easier, but lithium dendrite growth and short-circuits occur leading to decreased battery capacity
Solution Approach 1:
A buffer layer is introduced between the oxide-based solid electrolyte layer and the anode active material layer. This buffer layer acts as an intermediary that prevents direct harmful interaction between the oxide electrolyte and lithium, suppressing dendrite growth while maintaining the simplicity of using oxide-based electrolytes.
Solution Approach 2:
The buffer layer is formed using a composite material containing aluminum oxide and aluminum hydroxide in a specific weight ratio (0.3 to 2.0). This composite structure provides both mechanical buffering and chemical stability to prevent dendrite penetration while maintaining ease of manufacture through conventional ceramic processing.
2Stability of the object's composition
If the anode active material layer has high binding strength to the solid electrolyte layer, then structural stability is improved, but lithium precipitation between layers increases leading to dendrite formation
Solution Approach 1:
The binding strength between the anode active material layer and solid electrolyte layer is controlled within a specific range (0.5 to 2.0 N/mm). This parameter optimization ensures sufficient structural stability while preventing excessive binding that would cause lithium precipitation at the interface. The buffer layer facilitates this by providing an intermediate bonding characteristic.
3Strength
If the anode active material layer has high film strength, then resistance to deformation is improved, but lithium precipitation within the layer increases leading to dendrite growth
Solution Approach 1:
The film strength of the anode active material layer is controlled within a specific range (0.3 to 1.5 N/mm). This parameter optimization balances the need for structural integrity with the need to accommodate lithium ion insertion/extraction without causing internal stress that would lead to lithium precipitation and dendrite formation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design effectively prevents lithium dendrite formation and short-circuits, maintaining battery capacity and enabling high charge current densities without capacity loss.
Implementation Method 1
an anode active material layer on the anode current collector... anode active materials that form alloys or compounds with lithium
Implementation Method 2
lithium is absorbed in the anode active material layer in an initial state of charging
Implementation Method 3
a solid electrolyte layer between the cathode layer and the anode layer, wherein the solid electrolyte layer includes a solid electrolyte and the solid electrolyte is an oxide, phosphate, borate, sulfate, an oxynitride
Data Source
AI summary
An secondary battery includes a cathode layer, an anode layer having an anode current collector and an anode active material layer on the anode current collector,a lithium metal layer or a lithium alloy layer between the anode current collector and the anode active material layer, wherein the lithium metal layer or the lithium alloy layer has a thickness in a range of about 10 micrometers to about 60 micrometers, anda solid electrolyte layer between the cathode layer and the anode layer, wherein the solid electrolyte is an oxide, phosphate, borate, sulfate, an oxynitride, or a combination thereof.