Solid Battery Asymmetric Electrode Insulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
In solid batteries, external forces can cause electrode layers to shift and potentially short circuit due to inadequate adhesion between layers, leading to performance degradation.
Innovation Solution
A solid battery design with insulating layers on the outer perimeter of each electrode layer, where the solid electrolyte layer's edge is positioned beyond the electrode layer's edge, and the insulating layers' edges contact each other, preventing electrode layer ends from falling and causing short circuits, and ensuring the insulating layers are thinner than the electrode layers to prevent electrolyte layer breaking.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If the cathode layer, solid electrolyte layer, and anode layer are formed with identical lamination face sizes and laminated with aligned ends, then the manufacturing process is simplified, but external forces can cause electrode layer ends to fall and cause short circuit
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies asymmetry by making the lamination face size of the solid electrolyte layer larger than that of the electrode layers. This creates an asymmetric structure where the electrolyte layer extends beyond the electrode layers at the outer perimeter, forming an overhang that prevents electrode layer ends from falling and causing short circuits when external forces are applied.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an insulating layer as an intermediary element disposed at the outer perimeter of the electrode layer. This insulating layer acts as a mediator that provides additional mechanical support and electrical insulation, preventing direct contact between the electrode layer end and the current collector, thereby preventing short circuits.
2Reliability
If the solid electrolyte layer is made larger than the electrode layer to prevent short circuit, then reliability is improved, but the risk of electrolyte layer breaking increases due to curvature
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by making the insulating layer thickness vary in different regions. The insulating layer is thickest at the outer perimeter where it contacts the current collector, providing maximum protection against short circuits. The thickness gradually decreases toward the center, reducing stress concentration and preventing electrolyte layer breaking while maintaining short circuit prevention capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces the insulating layer as a cushioning element that absorbs and distributes external forces before they can reach the solid electrolyte layer. This beforehand cushioning prevents excessive curvature and stress concentration in the electrolyte layer, reducing the risk of breaking while maintaining the enlarged geometry needed for short circuit prevention.
3Reliability
If an insulating layer is added to prevent short circuit, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The insulating layer serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides electrical insulation to prevent short circuits, offers mechanical support to prevent electrode layer ends from falling, and acts as a buffer to reduce stress on the solid electrolyte layer. This multi-functionality allows a single additional layer to address multiple issues without proportionally increasing device complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
A solid battery has a first electrode layer, second electrode layer, and solid electrolyte layer disposed therebetween. A first insulating layer is disposed on an outer perimeter of the first electrode layer; a lamination face of the first electrode layer taking a lamination direction of the first electrode layer, the solid electrolyte layer, and the second electrode layer as a normal direction is smaller than that of the solid electrolyte layer; from the lamination direction, an outer edge of the solid electrolyte layer is positioned on the first electrode layer outer perimeter and an outer edge of the first insulating layer is positioned on an outer perimeter of the solid electrolyte layer; and the first electrode layer, the first insulating layer, and the solid electrolyte layer are disposed such that the outer edge of the first insulating layer and an end of the solid electrolyte layer contact each other.