Solid-State Battery Electrolyte Gradient for Low Interface Impedance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current solid-state lithium batteries face issues with low ionic conductivity, high interface impedance, and voids at electrode interfaces, leading to low charging/discharging rates and increased resistance, especially in larger battery sizes.
Innovation Solution
A solid-state battery design with a metastable solid-like polymer electrolyte (MSPE) and an artificial functional solid electrolyte (AFSE) that creates a concentration gradient for metal ions, reducing interface impedance and enhancing ion diffusion through a structured electrolyte distribution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional solid electrolytes are used in solid-state batteries, then the battery structure is simplified and safety is improved, but ionic conductivity is low and interface impedance is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state of the electrolyte from solid to liquid, fundamentally altering the ionic conductivity parameter. Liquid electrolytes provide significantly higher ionic conductivity (10^-2 S/cm) compared to solid electrolytes (10^-3 to 10^-5 S/cm), directly resolving the power limitation while maintaining the safety benefits of the solid-state structure through proper encapsulation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite battery structure combining liquid electrolyte with solid electrode materials (graphite anode, lithium metal oxide cathode). This hybrid approach leverages the high ionic conductivity of liquid electrolytes while maintaining the structural stability and safety characteristics of solid-state battery architecture
2Device complexity
If solid electrolyte is used, then battery structure is simplified, but voids form at interfaces increasing resistance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs liquid electrolyte which naturally flows and wets the electrode surfaces, eliminating void formation through capillary action and hydraulic pressure distribution. The liquid phase adapts to interface geometries, ensuring complete contact and minimizing resistance without requiring complex sealing or compression mechanisms
3Power
If liquid electrolyte is used, then ionic conductivity is high, but material is corrosive and combustible reducing safety
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces protective intermediary layers between the liquid electrolyte and electrode materials to prevent direct contact and potential combustion reactions. These intermediary coatings act as barriers that maintain ionic conductivity while preventing harmful chemical interactions, thus resolving the safety concern
4Reliability
If conventional solid-state battery is used, then safety is improved, but charging/discharging rate is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent fundamentally changes the electrolyte state from solid to liquid, which directly increases ionic conductivity by 100-1000 times. This parameter change enables fast charging and discharging rates while maintaining battery safety through the stable solid electrode structures and proper liquid electrolyte containment
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The battery achieves fast charging capabilities with reduced internal resistance and improved energy density, maintaining high performance even under large current conditions, while ensuring safety and reliability.
Implementation Method 1
a solid electrolyte at least partially disposed in a space between the first electrode and the second electrode for providing a path for metal ions associated with the first electrode and/or the second electrode to move through
Implementation Method 2
the metal ions are kept differentially distributed along the path
Data Source
AI summary
A solid-state battery includes a first electrode; a second electrode having a first side facing a first side of the first electrode and spaced from the first electrode; and a solid electrolyte at least partially disposed in a space between the first electrode and the second electrode for providing a path for metal ions associated with the first electrode and/or the second electrode to move through. The metal ions are kept differentially distributed along the path.