Solid Particulate Capturing Device for Battery Venting
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
High discharge voltage electric accumulators, such as those in hybrid electric vehicles, produce flammable gases that can lead to overpressure and damage due to solid or semi-solid particles depositing on flame traps, reducing their venting capacity and increasing the risk of flashback.
Innovation Solution
A solid particulate capturing device with axially spaced plates and an annular lateral wall creates an entrapment chamber, forcing gas flows to be tortuous and obstructing solid particles, using non-continuous irregularities and corrugated surfaces to trap particles before they reach the flame trap, thereby maintaining its efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a flame trap is installed at the outlet to prevent flashbacks, then flashback prevention is improved, but solid particles deposit on the flame trap reducing its venting capacity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a particulate matter filter as an intermediary component positioned between the rupture disc and the flame trap. This filter captures solid particles generated during battery thermal runaway events, preventing them from depositing on the flame trap. The mediator (filter) protects the flame trap from particle accumulation, maintaining its flashback prevention capability while allowing continuous venting operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The safety venting system is segmented into distinct functional components: a rupture disc for pressure relief, a particulate matter filter for particle capture, and a flame trap for flashback prevention. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function optimally without interfering with others, particularly preventing particle contamination of the flame trap while maintaining system-wide safety and venting capacity.
2Reliability
If the flame trap is designed to handle high particle loads, then particle capture is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Rather than designing a complex flame trap capable of handling particle loads, the patent uses a simple particulate matter filter as an intermediary to remove particles before they reach the flame trap. This approach maintains low device complexity while achieving high particle capture efficiency, as the filter is a straightforward component that does not add significant complexity to the overall system.
3Productivity
If the venting system is designed for high flow capacity, then gas discharge is improved, but particle deposition on the flame trap increases
Solution Approach 1:
The particulate matter filter serves as a mediator that decouples the relationship between high gas flow capacity and particle deposition. The filter captures particles while allowing high-velocity gas flow to pass through to the flame trap, enabling the venting system to maintain high discharge capacity without compromising flame trap efficiency from particle accumulation.
Solution Approach 2:
The venting system is segmented into a filter section and a flame trap section, allowing the flame trap to be optimized for flashback prevention with high gas flow capacity while the separate filter section handles particle capture. This segmentation enables each component to be designed for its primary function without compromise.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device effectively captures solid particulates, preventing them from overwhelming the flame trap and ensuring safe venting of gases, reducing the risk of overpressure and maintaining the flame trap's effectiveness during faults.
Implementation Method 1
forcing gas flows to be tortuous
Implementation Method 2
obstructing solid particles
Implementation Method 3
trap particles before they reach the flame trap
Data Source
AI summary
A solid particulate capturing device comprises a first plate (2) having at least one inlet section (6) for an exhaust gas flow, a second plate (3), parallel to the first (2), having at least one outlet section (7) for the exhaust gas flow. The first (2) and the second plate (3) are axially spaced apart and form, with an annular lateral wall (4), interposed between the first (2) and the second plate (3), an entrapment chamber (5) for solid particulate conveyed in suspension in the exhaust gas flow produced by a battery. The outlet section (7) present on the second plate (3) is axially out of alignment with the inlet section (6) present on the first plate (2), in such a way that the inlet section (6) faces a solid portion (8) of the second plate (3) which acts as an obstructing surface for the solid particulate.