Solid Particulate Tanning Agents via Carbamoylsulfonate Stabilization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing tanning agents, particularly isocyanates, face challenges due to toxicological properties, high vapor pressure, low water solubility, and instability in aqueous solutions, leading to ineffective storage and usage in conventional tanning processes, with modified isocyanates requiring complex and costly synthesis steps and resulting in reduced tanning effect.
Innovation Solution
A solid, particulate material containing carbamoylsulfonate groups, organic tanning agents, and nonionic emulsifiers, specifically reaction products of organic polyisocyanates and bisulfite, combined with syntan, resin, or vegetable tanning agents, and using nonionic, ester group-containing alkoxylated polyols or alkyl glycosides as emulsifiers, which provides stability and ease of metering, and can be formulated into powders or granules with improved storage stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If isocyanates are used as tanning agents, then crosslinking effect and shrinkage temperature increase, but toxicological properties and high vapor pressure make them unsuitable for conventional tanning apparatus
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary substance (polyether alcohol or similar compound) that reacts with isocyanate to form a modified isocyanate derivative. This intermediary approach allows the isocyanate function to be temporarily blocked, reducing toxicological properties and vapor pressure while maintaining the ability to crosslink collagen molecules effectively during the tanning process.
2Stability of the object's composition
If isocyanates are reacted with polyether alcohol to limit toxicological properties, then storage stability improves, but the process requires water exclusion and additional synthesis steps
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs the reaction between isocyanate and polyether alcohol under controlled conditions (with water exclusion) to pre-form a stable modified isocyanate derivative. This preliminary action creates a storage-stable compound that can be safely handled and stored in conventional tanning apparatus, eliminating the need for complex water-exclusion equipment during subsequent tanning operations.
3Ease of operation
If modified isocyanates are used to improve storage stability, then handling safety improves, but the reaction consumes isocyanate functions and reduces tanning effect
Solution Approach 1:
The patent carefully controls the reaction parameters (amount of polyether alcohol, reaction conditions) to modify only a portion of the isocyanate functions. This parameter change approach ensures that enough isocyanate groups remain active to provide effective crosslinking and tanning effect, while the modified portions provide sufficient storage stability and handling safety.
4Quantity of substance
If aqueous compositions containing carbamoylsulfonate groups are used, then water solubility improves, but phase separation occurs at elevated temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite aqueous composition by combining carbamoylsulfonate group-containing compounds with specific emulsifiers and auxiliary substances. This composite approach stabilizes the formulation at elevated temperatures by preventing phase separation, while maintaining the water solubility benefits of the carbamoylsulfonate groups. The composite nature of the formulation allows it to remain homogeneous during storage and application.
5Productivity
If compounds containing carbamoylsulfonate groups are used, then tanning effectiveness improves, but hydrolysis sensitivity leads to loss of effectiveness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary protective group or stabilizing agent that interferes with the hydrolysis reaction between water and carbamoylsulfonate groups. This intermediary approach preserves the tanning effectiveness of the carbamoylsulfonate compounds by preventing degradation, while still allowing the compounds to remain soluble and active in the aqueous tanning formulation.
6Ease of operation
If solid formulations are prepared by spray drying, then ease of metering improves, but high temperatures required for water evaporation cause hydrolysis
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the spray drying parameters (inlet temperature, residence time, humidity) to achieve solid formulation formation at lower temperatures than conventional spray drying. This parameter change approach enables easy metering of the solid product while minimizing thermal exposure that would cause hydrolysis of the carbamoylsulfonate groups, thereby maintaining product reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The material offers stable, easily accessible, and durable tanning agent formulations that maintain effectiveness even at elevated storage temperatures, avoiding phase separation and hydrolysis issues, and can be easily dosed and processed in tanning processes, enhancing the tanning process efficiency and product quality.
Implementation Method 1
Compounds containing carbamoylsulfonate groups are sensitive to hydrolysis in the presence of liquid tanning agent formulations
Implementation Method 2
the solutions obtained tend to phase separate at elevated ambient temperatures
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a solid, particulate material comprising a) at least one carbamoylsulfonate group-containing compound and b) at least one organic tanning agent.