Solid-Phase Carrier with Random Polymer Structure for Reduced Nonspecific Adsorption
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing solid-phase carriers experience significant nonspecific adsorption of impurities due to the localization of reactive functional groups, leading to reduced effectiveness in binding ligands and detecting or separating target substances.
Innovation Solution
A solid-phase carrier is developed with a random polymer structure containing a first structural unit having reactive functional groups and a second structural unit with lower reactivity, where the content ratio of reactive functional groups is between 0.01 and 0.7, and one end of the polymer is bound to the carrier via a divalent linking group, reducing nonspecific adsorption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If reactive functional groups are localized on the solid-phase carrier surface, then ligand binding capability is improved, but nonspecific adsorption of impurities increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating a polymer layer with spatially differentiated functional groups. The random polymer structure places reactive functional groups (such as carboxyl, amino, or hydroxyl groups) at specific locations within the polymer chain, while other regions contain non-reactive or low-reactivity groups. This localized distribution allows the reactive groups to bind ligands effectively while the non-reactive regions prevent nonspecific adsorption of impurities, thus resolving the contradiction between binding capability and impurity adsorption.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by combining multiple types of structural units within the polymer layer. The polymer comprises both reactive functional groups for ligand binding and non-reactive or low-reactivity structural units that suppress nonspecific adsorption. This composite structure within the polymer layer enables simultaneous achievement of high ligand binding capability and low impurity adsorption, resolving the technical contradiction.
2Productivity
If the content ratio of reactive functional groups is increased, then ligand binding efficiency is improved, but nonspecific adsorption of impurities increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the content ratio of reactive functional groups within a specific range (0.01 to 0.7). By optimizing this parameter, the patent achieves sufficient ligand binding efficiency while preventing excessive nonsspecific adsorption. The random polymer structure ensures that reactive groups are distributed in a controlled manner, maintaining the optimal ratio that balances binding efficiency and impurity rejection.
3Ease of manufacture
If a block copolymer structure is used, then polymerization control is improved, but reactive functional groups become localized causing nonspecific adsorption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent inverts the conventional block copolymer approach by using a random polymer structure instead. While block copolymers provide good polymerization control, they cause functional groups to cluster in specific blocks, leading to localized high reactivity and nonspecific adsorption. The random polymer structure distributes reactive and non-reactive structural units throughout the polymer chain, preventing localization of reactive groups and thereby eliminating nonspecific adsorption while maintaining adequate polymerization control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively minimizes nonspecific adsorption of impurities, allowing for better ligand binding and improved sensitivity in detecting or separating target substances, enhancing the performance of diagnostic agents and separation methods.
Implementation Method 1
the reactive functional group is a group being capable of reacting with a ligand for covalently binding the ligand
Implementation Method 2
one end of the linear polymer binds to the solid-phase carrier via a divalent linking group, and the divalent linking group is covalently bonded to a surface of the solid-phase carrier, and is also covalently bonded to the linear polymer
Implementation Method 3
the antibody and oligonucleotide specifically bind to, for example, a specific antigen or nucleic acid. Thus, for example, the presence or absence and concentration of a diagnostic marker in a sample can be detected. Also, it is possible to isolate, for example, specific cells such as cancer cells, by the same method.
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
To provide a solid-phase carrier to which impurities are hard to nonspecifically adsorb. A solid-phase carrier, formed by binding a chain polymer, wherein the chain polymer comprises a random polymer structure containing a first structural unit having a reactive functional group, and a second structural unit having no reactive functional group or having a reactive functional group having a reactivity lower than that of the reactive functional group of the first structural unit, and the content ratio of the number of moles "a" of the reactive functional group contained in the first structural unit to the number of moles "b" of the entire structural unit contained in the chain polymer, (a/b), is from 0.01 to 0.7.