Solid Polymer Electrolyte Structural Supercapacitors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional structural capacitors do not effectively combine high power storage with mechanical loading capabilities and exhibit issues with leakage resistance and equivalent series resistance, limiting their performance in applications such as electronic device casings and wind turbine blades.
Innovation Solution
Development of carbon fiber-based power storage composite materials using solid polymer electrolytes comprising specific epoxy and ion salts, along with a separator layer, to enhance leakage resistance and mechanical properties, while maintaining high power storage capabilities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of stationary object
If conventional structural capacitors use dielectric materials bonded with epoxy matrix, then volume savings are achieved, but leakage resistance is insufficient and equivalent series resistance is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition and physical state of the electrolyte from conventional liquid or gel electrolytes to a solid polymer electrolyte composed of epoxy resin and lithium salt. This parameter change in the electrolyte's physical state and composition achieves both high leakage resistance (approaching infinite resistance) and maintains compact volume while enabling structural capacitor applications
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite solid polymer electrolyte by combining epoxy resin (polymer matrix) with lithium salt (ion conductor). This composite material structure provides both the mechanical properties needed for structural applications and the electrical properties (high leakage resistance) needed for capacitor function, resolving the contradiction between volume compactness and reliability
2Volume of stationary object
If conventional structural capacitors use dielectric materials bonded with epoxy matrix, then volume savings are achieved, but equivalent series resistance is high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrolyte from conventional liquid/gel to solid polymer electrolyte, which fundamentally alters the resistance characteristics. The solid polymer electrolyte achieves low equivalent series resistance by providing efficient ion transport pathways through the cross-linked epoxy network, enabling high power delivery while maintaining compact volume
Solution Approach 2:
The composite of epoxy resin and lithium salt creates a material with optimized electrical properties. The epoxy provides structural integrity and low ESR pathways, while the lithium salt provides ion conductivity, together achieving both volume savings and low equivalent series resistance for high power applications
3Strength
If structural capacitors are designed to withstand mechanical loading, then mechanical strength is improved, but power storage capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the capacitor serve multiple functions simultaneously: the solid polymer electrolyte acts as both the electrical component (enabling power storage) and the structural component (providing mechanical strength). The epoxy resin matrix provides both ion conductivity for capacitance and mechanical rigidity for structural support, allowing the capacitor to function as both energy storage device and structural element without compromise
Solution Approach 2:
The composite solid polymer electrolyte combines the electrical properties needed for power storage with the mechanical properties needed for structural strength. The epoxy resin provides mechanical framework while lithium salt provides ion conductivity, creating a material that simultaneously delivers both structural integrity and high power storage capability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves desirable leakage resistance and mechanical properties comparable to regular carbon fiber composites, with improved power storage and mechanical load carrying capacity, making them suitable for structural applications.
Implementation Method 1
solid polymer electrolytes comprising a polymer and an ion salt
Implementation Method 2
structural electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) offers more storage than a traditional capacitor
Implementation Method 3
a separator layer, wherein the separator layer is disposed between the first carbon fiber electrode and second carbon fiber electrode
Implementation Method 4
the polymer is an epoxy comprising a bis-epoxide selected from the group consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) bisglycidyl ether, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, resorcinol diglycidyl ether, polydimethyl siloxane bisglycidyl ether, and mixtures thereof
Implementation Method 5
a cross-linker comprising 4,4′-methylenebiscyclohexaneamine, 3-aminophenyl sulfone, 4-aminophenyl sulfone, 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, tetramethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, bis(3-aminopropyl)amine, benzene 1,2-diamine, triethylenetetramine, tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, ethylenediamine, or a mixture thereof
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to solid polymer electrolytes, prepolymer compositions, and their uses in the preparation of capacitors.