Solid-State Battery Anode Composite to Limit Oxide Volume Change
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing all-solid secondary batteries face challenges with volume changes during charging and discharging, which affect their cycling performance and stability, particularly due to the agglomeration of metal oxides in the anode active material.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a composite anode active material comprising a first metal oxide represented by MaOb (where 0<a≤3 and 0<b<4) dispersed within a carbon-based material matrix, which reduces volume changes and suppresses irregular electrode reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If metal oxide is used as anode active material, then capacity is improved, but volume changes during charging and discharging increase
Solution Approach 1:
The metal oxide particles are embedded within the hollow interior of the carbon sphere, creating a nested structure where the carbon shell accommodates the metal oxide core. This nesting allows the metal oxide to undergo volume changes during lithium insertion/extraction while the carbon shell maintains overall structural integrity and prevents catastrophic expansion.
Solution Approach 2:
The anode active material is designed as a composite structure combining carbon-based material (forming the spherical shell) and metal oxide (filling the hollow interior). This composite architecture leverages the advantages of both materials: the carbon shell provides structural stability and conductivity, while the metal oxide core delivers high capacity through lithium alloying reactions.
2Quantity of substance
If metal oxide is used as anode active material, then capacity is improved, but cycling performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The nested structure of metal oxide particles within hollow carbon spheres allows the carbon shell to act as a protective cage that maintains structural integrity during repeated charging and discharging cycles. This prevents the metal oxide from undergoing irreversible aggregation and maintains consistent electrochemical performance over time.
Solution Approach 2:
The composite architecture combines the high capacity of metal oxide with the structural stability and conductivity of carbon material. The carbon shell serves as both a structural framework and a conductive network, ensuring stable electron transport and ion diffusion pathways that maintain cycling performance.
3Quantity of substance
If metal oxide particles are used, then capacity is improved, but agglomeration occurs leading to irregular electrode reactions
Solution Approach 1:
Each metal oxide particle is individually encapsulated within its own hollow carbon sphere, creating isolated compartments that prevent particle-to-particle contact and agglomeration. This individual nesting ensures uniform distribution of metal oxide throughout the electrode matrix and prevents localized irregular reactions.
Solution Approach 2:
The hollow carbon spheres are distributed uniformly throughout the electrode, with each sphere containing metal oxide particles. This creates a homogeneous local environment across the entire electrode, ensuring consistent electrochemical behavior and preventing localized agglomeration-induced irregularities.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the cycling performance of the all-solid secondary battery by minimizing volume changes and preventing localized side reactions, thereby improving the battery's stability and efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
the matrix of the carbon-based material has flexibility, volume changes of the first composite anode active material layer due to plating and/or dissolution of lithium during charging and discharging may be more easily accommodated
Implementation Method 2
the first metal oxide is disposed within a matrix of the carbon-based material
Implementation Method 3
the first metal oxide is disposed within a matrix of the carbon-based material, suppresses or reduced irregular electrode reactions
Data Source
AI summary
An all-solid secondary battery including a cathode layer, an anode layer, and an electrolyte layer between the cathode layer and the anode layer, wherein the cathode layer includes a cathode current collector and a cathode active material layer on one surface of the cathode current collector, the anode layer includes an anode current collector and a first anode active material layer on one surface of the anode current collector, the first anode active material layer includes a composite anode active material, the composite anode active material includes a first metal oxide represented by MaOb (0<a≤3 and 0<b<4, wherein if a is 1, 2, or 3, b is not an integer) and a carbon-based material, the first metal oxide is within a matrix of the carbon-based material, and M is one or more metals selected from metals in Groups 2 to 12 and 14 to 16.