Solid-State Interlayer for Stable High-Temperature Battery Interfaces
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Solution Overview
Problem
Free-standing solid-state electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries exhibit poor oxidation stability at higher temperatures and parasitic currents due to electrochemical instability, affecting interfacial compatibility with electrodes.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a solid-state interlayer between the electrolyte and electrodes, composed of specific electrolyte particles like Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3, Li2+2xZn1-xGeO4, and Li7La3Zr2O12, with a polymeric gel electrolyte filling voids and covering a significant surface area, to enhance thermal stability and ion transportation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If free-standing solid-state electrolyte is used, then fast ion transportation and high cycle durability are achieved, but poor oxidation stability and parasitic current occur at higher temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
A solid-state interlayer is introduced as an intermediary component between the free-standing solid-state electrolyte and the electrode. This interlayer acts as a mediator that prevents direct contact between the electrolyte and electrode, thereby eliminating parasitic current and improving oxidation stability while preserving the fast ion transportation capability of the original electrolyte structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery structure is transformed into a composite system combining the free-standing solid-state electrolyte with a solid-state interlayer. This composite configuration leverages the advantages of both components: the electrolyte provides fast ion transportation and the interlayer provides electrochemical stability, resolving the contradiction between speed and reliability.
2Duration of action of stationary object
If free-standing solid-state electrolyte is used, then high cycle durability is achieved, but parasitic current occurs due to electrochemical instability
Solution Approach 1:
The solid-state interlayer serves as a protective intermediary that blocks the electrochemical instability between the electrolyte and electrode. By positioning this stable interlayer at the interface, parasitic current is prevented while the underlying electrolyte structure maintains its high cycle durability characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The original single-component electrolyte structure is segmented into two distinct functional layers: the free-standing solid-state electrolyte layer responsible for ion transportation and cycle durability, and the solid-state interlayer responsible for preventing parasitic current. This segmentation allows each layer to optimize its specific function without compromise.
3Temperature
If solid-state interlayer is added between electrolyte and electrode, then thermal stability and interfacial compatibility are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The solid-state interlayer is implemented as a thin film structure that provides comprehensive thermal stability and interfacial compatibility protection without adding significant bulk or complexity. This thin-film approach maintains the overall simplicity of the battery structure while achieving the desired thermal performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The addition of the interlayer creates a composite structure that, while technically more complex, uses compatible solid-state materials that simplify manufacturing and assembly. The composite design integrates seamlessly with existing battery components, minimizing the practical increase in device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution improves thermal stability, capacity retention, and reduces parasitic currents, enabling high-temperature tolerance and superior power performance in lithium-ion batteries.
Implementation Method 1
The solid-state interlayer may include a plurality of first solid-state electrolyte particles... enable a high cycle durability... at room temperature
Implementation Method 2
a polymeric gel electrolyte filling voids and covering a significant surface area
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions, where the electrochemical cell includes an electrode, a solid-state electrolyte layer, and a solid-state interlayer disposed between the electrode and the solid-state electrolyte layer. The solid-state interlayer includes a plurality of solid-state electrolyte particles. In certain instances, the solid-state interlayer includes a plurality of through-holes dispersed therewithin. The through-holes have an average diameter between about 0.05 to about 100 micrometers. The solid-state interlay covers between about 50% and about 100% of a total surface area of the electrode. In each variation, solid-state interlayer has a thickness greater than or equal to about 0.1 to less than or equal to about 8 micrometers, and the electrochemical cell may include a polymeric gel electrolyte that at least partially fills voids between solid-state electroactive particle and solid-state electrolyte particles.