Solid-State Interlayer Composition for Fast Lithium-Ion Cycling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current lithium-ion batteries face challenges in enhancing rate capabilities and low-temperature performance due to limitations in solid-state interlayers, which affect the efficiency and reliability of lithium-ion cycling.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of solid-state interlayers with specific solid-state electrolyte particles, such as Li1+xAlxTi2−x(PO4)3 and Li7La3Zr2O12, covering a significant surface area of the electrodes, along with a liquid electrolyte, to facilitate efficient lithium-ion transport and improve electrochemical stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If solid-state interlayers are used in lithium-ion batteries, then electrochemical stability is improved, but rate capabilities and low-temperature performance are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite solid-state electrolyte particles comprising multiple inorganic materials (e.g., Li1+xAlxTi2−x(PO4)3, Li7La3Zr2O12, Li2SiO3, Al2O3) to create an interlayer that simultaneously provides electrochemical stability and enhanced ionic conductivity. This composite approach allows the interlayer to maintain structural stability while improving lithium ion transport kinetics, thereby resolving the contradiction between reliability and productivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes critical parameters including particle size distribution (0.1-20 micrometers), weight percentage of solid-state electrolyte particles (80-95 wt%), and interlayer thickness (5-50 micrometers) to balance electrochemical stability and rate capability. By carefully controlling these parameters, the interlayer achieves sufficient stability while minimizing resistance to lithium ion transport, thus improving both reliability and productivity.
2Reliability
If solid-state interlayers are used in lithium-ion batteries, then electrochemical stability is improved, but low-temperature performance is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The composite solid-state electrolyte incorporates materials with complementary properties: Li1+xAlxTi2−x(PO4)3 provides structural stability, Li7La3Zr2O12 enhances ionic conductivity, and Li2SiO3/Al2O3 improve thermal stability. This combination maintains flexible ion transport channels at low temperatures while preserving electrochemical stability, resolving the contradiction between reliability and temperature performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates local regions within the interlayer with optimized properties for low-temperature operation. The particle size distribution and spatial arrangement of different inorganic materials create localized pathways with reduced resistance to lithium ion transport at low temperatures, while the overall interlayer structure maintains electrochemical stability.
3Reliability
If solid-state electrolyte particles with specific composition are used, then capacity retention is improved, but voltage polarization increases
Solution Approach 1:
The multi-component inorganic composite creates a balanced structure where each material contributes specific properties: Li1+xAlxTi2−x(PO4)3 ensures capacity retention through structural stability, while Li7La3Zr2O12 and Li2SiO3 reduce interfacial resistance to minimize voltage polarization. The synergistic combination resolves the contradiction between capacity retention and power delivery.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the weight percentage of solid-state electrolyte particles (80-95 wt%) and particle size distribution (0.1-20 micrometers) to achieve an optimal balance. This parameter optimization ensures sufficient material for capacity retention while minimizing interfacial resistance and improving electron transport, thereby reducing voltage polarization.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the rate capabilities and low-temperature performance of lithium-ion batteries, suppressing exothermic reactions, improving capacity retention, and reducing voltage polarization, thereby increasing the overall efficiency and reliability of lithium-ion cycling.
Implementation Method 1
The solid-state interlayer may include a plurality of solid-state electrolyte particles disposed on or adjacent to a surface of the electrode
Implementation Method 2
The liquid electrolyte may also be disposed in the separator and the second electrode
Implementation Method 3
suppressing exothermic reactions, improving capacity retention, and reducing voltage polarization
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions. The electrochemical cell includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a separator physically separating the first and second electrodes, a solid-state interlayer disposed between the separator and the first electrode, and a liquid electrolyte disposed in each of the first electrode, the second electrode, the separator, and the solid-state interlayer. The solid-state interlayer includes a plurality of solid-state electrolyte particles. The solid-state interlayer covers greater than or equal to about 85% of a total surface area of the surface of the first electrode.