Leak Detection for Solid State Devices via Sub-Threshold Testing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Solid state devices used in applications like circuit breakers and e-Fuses cannot be tested to ensure they will correctly transition from an on state to an off state in response to abnormal conditions, leading to potential catastrophic failures.

Innovation Solution

A leak detection component that monitors the health of solid state devices by measuring leakage current through applying a test voltage below the threshold voltage, allowing for early detection of threshold voltage drift and potential failures.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Duration of action of stationary object

If solid state devices remain in the same state for extended periods without testing, then device operational duration is improved, but reliability deteriorates due to inability to detect threshold voltage drift and leakage current

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperational durationVSAvoiddevice reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by performing leakage current measurements and threshold voltage drift detections before catastrophic failures occur. The system continuously monitors the solid state device during operation, applying test signals and measuring electrical characteristics to detect early signs of degradation, thereby preventing future failures rather than responding after damage has occurred.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If continuous monitoring is implemented to detect leakage current and threshold voltage drift, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice reliabilityVSAvoidmonitoring system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the monitoring functions with the existing operational circuitry of the solid state device. The same electrical paths and components used for normal operation are utilized for leakage current measurements, minimizing additional hardware. The control logic integrates threshold voltage detection and leakage current measurement sequences into the existing device control structure, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining continuous monitoring capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Measurement precision

If test voltages are applied to detect leakage current, then measurement precision is improved, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveleakage current detection precisionVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements periodic action by applying test voltages and measuring leakage currents at scheduled intervals rather than continuously. The system performs measurement sequences at defined moments during operation, allowing the device to alternate between normal operation and diagnostic measurement modes. This periodic approach maintains measurement precision while significantly reducing average energy consumption compared to continuous testing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables in-situ monitoring of solid state devices during operation, providing early warning of imminent or future failures and preventing catastrophic events by detecting leakage currents and threshold voltage drifts.

Implementation Method 1

measuring leakage current through applying a test voltage below the threshold voltage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP4300107B1Current leak detection for solid state devices
Publication Date: 2025.01.29 INFINEON TECH AUSTRIA AG
  • EP4300107B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP4300107B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP4300107B1 patent drawingFigure 1C

AI summary

An apparatus comprises a solid state device and a switch in series with the solid state device. The apparatus comprises a leak detection component connected to the solid state device. The apparatus comprises a gate driver configured to drive a gate of the solid state device. The gate driver comprises test circuitry configured to apply a test voltage to the gate of the solid state device. The test voltage is less than a threshold voltage of the solid state device. The leak detection component is configured to detect a leakage of the solid state device.