Solid-State Relay Signal Isolation Using Transformer Coupling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current electronic devices have limited operating voltages, low coupling coefficients, and are often large and require separate discrete components for signal isolation.
Innovation Solution
A signal isolation device comprising a transmit die and a receiver die with a coupler region, including transmit and receiver coils, shield layers, and circuitry to generate an isolated drive signal for a solid-state switch, capable of high voltage operation and compact integration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If current electronic devices are used for signal isolation, then signal isolation is achieved, but the operating voltage is limited and the coupling coefficient is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrical parameters of the system by using a transformer-based isolation architecture that enables high-voltage operation. The transformer allows galvanic isolation while supporting operating voltages exceeding 1000 V RMS, fundamentally changing the voltage handling capability compared to conventional isolation devices.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a transformer as an intermediary device between the input and output circuits. This transformer provides galvanic isolation while maintaining signal transfer, acting as a mediator that enables high-voltage operation without direct electrical connection between input and output sides.
2Reliability
If current electronic devices are used for signal isolation, then signal isolation is achieved, but the device size is large and requires separate discrete components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple discrete components into a single integrated device. The isolation device combines the transformer, control circuitry, and output stages into one compact unit, eliminating the need for separate discrete components and reducing overall device volume while maintaining isolation performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a universal isolation device that can handle multiple functions including signal isolation, voltage transformation, and power transfer. This multi-functional design replaces multiple specialized discrete components with a single device that performs all necessary functions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device achieves high coupling coefficients and compact size while maintaining electrical isolation, suitable for safety, level translation, and multiplexing applications, and can operate at relatively high voltages.
Implementation Method 1
the transmit coil induces the receiver coil to generate an intermediate signal corresponding to the input signal
Implementation Method 2
a shield layer positioned between the receiver circuitry and the receiver coil
Data Source
AI summary
A method of operating a solid-state relay device includes receiving an input signal at an input of the solid-state relay device and coupling the input signal to transmit circuitry disposed on a transmit die. In response to receiving the input signal the transmit circuitry generates a corresponding time varying electrical voltage that is coupled from the transmit circuitry to a transmit coil and a receive coil is induced to generate an intermediate signal. A switch drive signal is generated which transitions a solid-state switch from an off state to an on state, wherein the switch drive signal corresponds to the input signal and wherein the drive signal is electrically isolated from the input signal.