Soluble Humin via Nitrogen Reaction for Stable Aqueous Dispersions

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for treating humin are inefficient and lack a commercially viable way to disperse or solubilize it in water, resulting in stable dispersions that are prone to sedimentation, and there is a need for a method to produce dried forms that can be easily reconstituted.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the formation of an aqueous blend of humin and a nitrogen source, such as urea, with intense mixing and heating followed by prolonged incubation with recirculation and mild agitation to create nitrogen-reacted humin species that form stable water dispersions, which can be dried and reconstituted.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If conventional extraction methods are used to obtain humin, then humin can be isolated as a byproduct, but it remains highly insoluble and chemically intractable

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of isolationVSAvoidsolubility and chemical reactivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by reacting humin with a nitrogen source (such as urea, ammonium carbonate, or ammonium nitrate) at elevated temperatures (50-200°C) over extended periods (1-30 days). This chemical treatment fundamentally alters the physical and chemical parameters of humin, transforming it from an insoluble, chemically intractable substance into a water-dispersible form with enhanced reactivity and stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates composite materials by forming nitrogen-reacted humin through the combination of humin with nitrogen-containing compounds. This results in a composite structure where nitrogen is incorporated into the humin matrix, producing a new material with superior dispersibility and stability characteristics that neither component possesses alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If humin is treated with conventional laboratory methods (HF/HCL, successive extractions), then some dissolution and modification occur, but the processes are tedious and not commercially viable

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveeffectiveness of treatmentVSAvoidcommercial viability and process efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent achieves reliable humin treatment with improved productivity by using mild alkaline conditions (pH 9-11) combined with nitrogen sources at elevated temperatures. This approach reliably dissolves metal oxides and aluminosilicates while modifying the organic matter, but does so under conditions that are commercially viable rather than requiring tedious laboratory-scale procedures with concentrated acids.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex mechanical and chemical treatment sequences with a simpler chemical reaction system. Instead of multiple successive extractions or harsh acid treatments, the method uses a single nitrogen-source reaction system that achieves comparable or superior results with fewer steps and under milder conditions, thereby improving commercial viability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Ease of manufacture

If humin dispersions are formed without nitrogen reaction, then preparation is simpler, but the dispersions are unstable and prone to sedimentation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimplicity of preparationVSAvoidstability of dispersion
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent resolves the contradiction between simplicity and stability by creating nitrogen-reacted humin composites. The nitrogen-containing compounds become integrated into the humin structure, forming a composite material that inherently resists sedimentation and maintains stable dispersion. This composite structure provides the stability needed for commercial applications while maintaining relatively simple preparation procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent achieves stable dispersions by changing the chemical parameters of humin through nitrogen reaction. The modified humin exhibits altered surface properties and charge characteristics that prevent aggregation and sedimentation, thereby achieving long-term stability in aqueous dispersions without requiring complex stabilization additives or procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Ease of manufacture

If humin is discarded as waste from extraction processes, then production costs are reduced, but beneficial carbonaceous ingredients are lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveproduction costVSAvoidloss of organic carbon
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the previously harmful or worthless humin byproduct into a beneficial product. By reacting humin with nitrogen sources, the process transforms what was discarded waste into a valuable nitrogen-enriched material with high organic carbon content that can be used as fertilizer or soil amendment, thereby eliminating waste while creating economic value.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements a recovery process for humin that was previously discarded. Instead of discarding the humin fraction from extraction processes, the method recovers it through nitrogen reaction, producing a stabilized, water-dispersible product that retains and enhances the beneficial carbonaceous ingredients while adding nitrogen content for agricultural applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #34Discarding and recovering

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method produces stable humin dispersions that resist settling for at least 30 days and can be easily reconstituted from powdered forms, suitable for various applications including fertilizers, soil remediation, and bioremediation.

Implementation Method 1

it is believed that the nitrogen source reacts with the naturally occurring humin in a complex series of combinational chemistry reactions to produce a wide variety of nitrogen-reacted humin species

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical reactions: Chemical Bonding

Implementation Method 2

which usually involves intense mixing and heating of these components until the nitrogen source is dispersed

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Implementation Method 3

typically with continuous recirculation and/or mild agitation to create the final nitrogen-reacted humin having the desired water dispersibility properties

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMixing: Turbulence

Data Source

PatentUS10259754B2Soluble humin
Publication Date: 2019.04.16 AG EXPORT INT LLC

AI summary

The present invention provides highly water soluble products derived from humin, as well as methods of obtaining such products. Humin is first blended with water and a nitrogen source, such as urea, under intense agitation and heating, in order to disperse the nitrogen source. Thereupon, the blend is incubated for an extended period to create nitrogen-reacted humin having the desired solubility properties. The products may be used as aqueous dispersions, or dried in the form of particulates.