Solvatochromic Fluorescent Dye for High-Contrast Tumor Cell Staining
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cell detection methods, such as HE staining and Raman scattering, face challenges in providing clear, rapid, and cost-effective differentiation between tumor and normal cells, often requiring complex preparation and high-contrast imaging.
Innovation Solution
Development of a fluorescent dye containing compounds with solvatochromism, allowing easy and rapid staining of cells and tissues, including tumor cells, by utilizing compounds represented by Formula (1) or their salts, which exhibit distinct absorption and fluorescence wavelengths based on polarity changes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If HE staining is used to detect tumor cells, then tumor cells can be stained, but normal tissues are also stained resulting in poor light transmittance and requiring thin-sectioning
Solution Approach 1:
The fluorescent dye exhibits selective staining properties that allow it to distinguish between tumor cells and normal tissues based on local differences in cellular characteristics. The dye accumulates preferentially in tumor cells while maintaining low background staining in normal tissues, enabling clear visualization without requiring thin-sectioning of entire tissue specimens.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes fluorescent dyes that emit light at specific wavelengths to provide high-contrast imaging. The fluorescent staining mechanism allows tumor cells to be visualized against a dark background, improving light transmittance and eliminating the need for thin-sectioning required by conventional HE staining.
2Measurement precision
If HE staining is used, then tumor cells can be detected, but the boundary between tumor cells and normal tissues becomes low-contrast and indistinct
Solution Approach 1:
The fluorescent dye provides high-contrast imaging by emitting light at specific wavelengths that stand out against the dark background. This fluorescent staining mechanism creates sharp boundaries between tumor cells and normal tissues, eliminating the low-contrast problem of HE staining.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical staining process of HE staining with a fluorescent staining mechanism that uses light emission to provide contrast. This substitution of staining methodology enables clear boundary differentiation without relying on the mechanical sectioning and staining processes of conventional histology.
3Measurement precision
If antibodies conjugated with fluorescent dyes are used to stain specific tissues, then high-contrast images of tumor cells can be obtained, but the antibody moiety does not penetrate the cell membrane requiring additional treatment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the membrane-penetrating function from the antibody moiety by using a different staining mechanism. The fluorescent dye is designed to directly penetrate cell membranes and stain intracellular components, eliminating the need for separate membrane permeabilization treatment required by antibody-based methods.
Solution Approach 2:
The fluorescent dye acts as an intermediary substance that facilitates staining without requiring the complex antibody-based system. The dye directly interacts with cellular structures and penetrates membranes, serving as a simpler mediator that achieves high-contrast imaging without additional treatment steps.
4Measurement precision
If Raman scattering method is used to detect skin diseases, then abnormal and normal tissues can be differentiated, but it is difficult to determine the tumor region at the cellular level
Solution Approach 1:
The fluorescent dye provides cellular-level resolution by emitting light that can be detected at the individual cell level. This fluorescent staining mechanism enables clear visualization of tumor cells and their boundaries, overcoming the limitation of Raman scattering in providing cellular-level detail.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the optical scattering-based Raman method with a fluorescent staining mechanism that directly labels cellular structures. This substitution enables cellular-level detection by using fluorescent light emission rather than relying on the indirect scattering signals of Raman spectroscopy.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The fluorescent dye enables clear and rapid detection of cells and tissues, particularly tumor cells, with high contrast, facilitating easy imaging and transdermal absorption, overcoming the limitations of existing methods.
Implementation Method 1
The present inventors have newly created compounds exhibiting novel solvatochromism
Implementation Method 2
fluorescent dyes containing such compounds, when applied to staining of cells and tissues, allow cells and the like to be easily detected
Data Source
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AI summary
Problem to be Solved It is an object of the present invention to provide a compound suitably usable in fluorescent dye agents, a novel fluorescent dye agent and kit for conveniently detecting cells, a novel method for conveniently detecting cells, and staining materials. Solution to the Problem A compound represented by the following formula (1) or a salt thereof: wherein, R1 is a substituted or unsubstituted C1-12 alkyl group, C2-12 alkenyl group, or C2-12 alkynyl group, etc.