Bottom-Side Source-Drain Regrowth for Low Contact Resistance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for forming contact structures in semiconductor devices result in high contact resistance due to thermal operations during back-end processing, leading to degraded device performance with increased power consumption and reduced switching speeds.

Innovation Solution

Amorphization and regrowth of source-drain regions from the bottom-side of a semiconductor assembly using implants followed by thermal annealing techniques, such as laser or rapid thermal annealing, to achieve a highly active metastable state of dopants, reducing contact resistance and improving device performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If contact structures are formed in front-end processing operations, then contact structures are created during transistor fabrication, but thermal operations during back-end processing result in high contact resistance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontact structure formation timingVSAvoidcontact resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs amorphization of source-drain regions before contact structure formation, creating a fresh amorphous surface that enables superior dopant activation. This preliminary action of amorphizing the semiconductor material prior to contact formation allows for optimized dopant diffusion and activation, achieving low contact resistance despite subsequent thermal processing during back-end operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes ion implantation to introduce dopants at controlled concentrations and depths into the amorphized source-drain regions. By changing the physical and chemical parameters of the semiconductor material through amorphization and controlled doping, the contact resistance is significantly reduced even after thermal annealing processes during back-end processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If high dopant activation is achieved adjacent to contact regions, then contact resistance is lowered, but device performance degrades with high power consumption and reduced switching speeds

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontact resistanceVSAvoidswitching speed
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies selective amorphization and doping to specific regions adjacent to contact structures, creating localized areas of high dopant activation only where needed for low contact resistance. This local quality enhancement ensures that high dopant concentration is achieved at the contact interface without adversely affecting the electrical characteristics of the channel and active regions, thereby maintaining fast switching speeds while reducing contact resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs rapid thermal annealing processes to quickly activate dopants and restore crystalline structure in the source-drain regions after ion implantation. By rushing through the thermal processing step with controlled, rapid heating and cooling, the method achieves high dopant activation and low contact resistance while minimizing thermal exposure that could degrade device performance and switching characteristics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #21Skipping (Rushing through)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The process achieves significantly lower contact resistance, enabling increased drive current, faster switching speeds, and reduced power consumption in semiconductor devices.

Implementation Method 1

amorphization and regrowth of source-drain regions from the bottom-side of a semiconductor assembly using implants

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon implantation: Ion Implantation

Implementation Method 2

thermal annealing techniques, such as laser or rapid thermal annealing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal annealing: Annealing

Implementation Method 3

laser or rapid thermal annealing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLaser heating: Laser

Implementation Method 4

rapid thermal annealing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRapid thermal annealing: Heating

Data Source

PatentEP3758047B1Amorphization and regrowth of source-drain regions from the bottom-side of a semiconductor assembly
Publication Date: 2026.02.25 INTEL CORP
  • EP3758047B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3758047B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP3758047B1 patent drawingFigure 2C

AI summary

A device is disclosed. The device includes a channel, a first source-drain region adjacent a first portion of the channel, the first source-drain region including a first crystalline portion that includes a first region of metastable dopants , a second source-drain region adjacent a second portion of the channel, the second source-drain region including a second crystalline portion that includes a second region of metastable dopants. A gate conductor is on the channel.