Molecular Marker Selection for Southern Corn Rust Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for identifying and utilizing genes that confer resistance to southern corn rust (SCR) in maize are limited, as specific causal genes responsible for resistance have not been identified, hindering the development of disease-resistant varieties through breeding, transgenic modification, or genome editing.
Innovation Solution
The development of methods and compositions to identify and select for plant disease resistance genes associated with SCR resistance, including specific alleles and markers linked to these genes, which can be used to create transgenic or genome-edited plants with enhanced resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional breeding methods are used to develop SCR-resistant varieties, then disease resistance can be improved, but the process is time-consuming and lacks precision in identifying causal genes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional mechanical breeding methods with molecular marker-based selection systems. Specific molecular markers (e.g., SNPs, SSRs) are used to detect and select plants carrying SCR resistance genes, eliminating the need for time-consuming phenotypic evaluation and enabling precise identification of resistant individuals in each generation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces molecular markers as intermediaries that link observable phenotypes (disease resistance) with underlying genotypes (resistance genes). These markers serve as detectable proxies for the causal genes, allowing breeders to select for resistance without directly observing disease responses or waiting for phenotypic expression.
2Manufacturing precision
If transgenic or genome editing approaches are used, then precise gene modification can be achieved, but the complexity of the process increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary identification and characterization of SCR resistance genes and their associated molecular markers before initiating transgenic or genome editing processes. This preliminary work includes mapping resistance genes to specific chromosomal locations, developing diagnostic markers, and validating gene function, thereby simplifying subsequent precise editing operations by providing clear target sequences and validation methods.
3Productivity
If causal resistance genes are not identified, then breeding programs can proceed with existing methods, but the efficiency and effectiveness of developing resistant varieties is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and isolates specific causal genes responsible for SCR resistance from the complex maize genome. Through genetic mapping, positional cloning, and gene validation, the resistance genes are separated from other genomic elements, enabling their independent manipulation, characterization, and deployment in breeding programs without carrying unnecessary genetic material.
Data Source
AI summary
The field is related to plant breeding and methods of identifying and selecting plants with resistance to southern com rust. Provided are methods to identify novel genes that encode proteins providing plant resistance to southern com rust and uses thereof. These disease resistant genes are useful in the production of resistant plants through breeding, transgenic modification, or genome editing.