SP1 SP2 Polypeptides Broaden S. suis Vaccine Protection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current vaccines for Streptococcus suis are serotype or strain-dependent, offering limited protection and are hindered by the poor immunogenicity of capsular polysaccharides, with existing protein-based vaccines facing challenges due to variable expression of virulence proteins across different strains.
Innovation Solution
Identification and utilization of novel polypeptides, such as SP1 and SP2, which are involved in the pathogenic mechanism of S. suis, for the development of subunit vaccines, along with their encoding polynucleotides and specific antibodies, to enhance protection and diagnosis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If capsular polysaccharide is used as vaccine, then vaccine can be developed, but immunogenicity is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the capsular polysaccharide from the bacterial cell and uses it as a vaccine component. By isolating and purifying the capsular material, the invention creates a vaccine that specifically targets the capsule structure, which is a key virulence factor in S. suis infection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines capsular polysaccharide with other vaccine components or adjuvants to create a composite vaccine formulation. This combination approach enhances the immunogenicity of the capsular material while maintaining its specific protective properties against S. suis.
2Reliability
If protein-based subunit vaccine is used, then protection can be achieved, but variable expression of virulence proteins across strains hinders use
Solution Approach 1:
The patent identifies and utilizes virulence factors that are universally expressed across multiple S. suis strains and serotypes. By selecting conserved protein targets that are commonly present in different strains, the vaccine achieves broad strain coverage while maintaining effective protection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent divides the vaccine strategy into multiple components, each targeting specific virulence factors. This segmentation allows the vaccine to address different aspects of bacterial pathogenicity, thereby expanding overall strain coverage and protection effectiveness.
3Reliability
If killed whole cells or live avirulent vaccines are used, then some protection is reported, but repeated immunization is required and heterologous challenge protection is not determined
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs preliminary immunization with defined protein subunits or capsular materials that pre-condition the immune system. This preliminary action creates memory responses that provide protection without requiring repeated immunization schedules, thereby simplifying the vaccination protocol.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The use of SP1 and SP2 polypeptides elicits a protective immune response, providing significant protection against S. suis infections across various serotypes, as demonstrated by immunization studies in pigs and mice, and facilitates effective diagnosis through immune complex detection.
Implementation Method 1
The use of SP1 and SP2 polypeptides elicits a protective immune response, providing significant protection against S. suis infections across various serotypes
Implementation Method 2
Another object of the invention is to provide an antibody which specifically binds to a polypeptide of the invention
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to the field of Streptococcus. More specifically, the present invention relates to the identification of polypeptides and polynucleotide sequences encoding the same which are involved in the pathogenic mechanism of S. suis. The present invention also relates to the use of such polypeptides in compositions and methods for the prevention, the treatment and diagnosis of S. suis-associated diseases and infections caused by S. suis.