Spacecraft Effector With Protective Structure for Debris Reduction

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing space infrastructure is vulnerable to threats from flying debris, military assets, and disruptive sources, necessitating a means to protect and neutralize these threats effectively while minimizing the risk of generating additional debris.

Innovation Solution

A spacecraft equipped with an effector having a protective structure and explosive charges is used to approach and neutralize target objects, employing a seeker for guidance and a detonator for controlled detonation, thereby rendering the threat harmless and minimizing debris fragmentation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional countermeasure devices are used to neutralize target objects in space, then the threat is reduced, but additional space debris is generated through fragmentation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethreat neutralization effectivenessVSAvoidspace debris generation
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The effector is extracted from the main spacecraft body and positioned at the tip, allowing the explosive charge to be detonated at a distance from the spacecraft. This spatial separation enables neutralization of the target object while preventing fragmentation damage to the spacecraft and minimizing additional debris generation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The effector acts as an intermediary between the spacecraft and the target object. It carries the explosive charge to the target vicinity and performs the neutralization function, serving as a buffer that protects the spacecraft while enabling effective countermeasures against the threat.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If the spacecraft approaches closely to neutralize the target object, then counteraction effectiveness is improved, but damage to the spacecraft increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecounteraction effectivenessVSAvoidspacecraft damage risk
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system is segmented into three functional parts: the spacecraft (command and control), the effector (delivery vehicle), and the explosive charge (neutralization mechanism). This segmentation allows the charge to be positioned at the tip of the effector, enabling close approach to the target for effective neutralization while the spacecraft remains at a safe distance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The explosive charge is extracted from the spacecraft body and mounted on the effector at the tip. This extraction allows the neutralization function to be performed at close range to the target while physically separating the hazard from the spacecraft, reducing damage risk.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If protective structures are added to protect the spacecraft, then spacecraft protection is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespacecraft protectionVSAvoidstructure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The protective structure is merged with the effector design rather than being added as a separate system on the spacecraft. The effector's structural components serve dual purposes: delivering the explosive charge to the target and providing protection during approach and detonation, thereby reducing overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The effector structure serves multiple functions: it acts as the delivery vehicle for the explosive charge, provides structural protection during approach, and enables positioning at the tip for optimal neutralization. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate protective systems on the spacecraft.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides effective protection for space infrastructure by rendering threats inoperable, reducing damage to the spacecraft, and minimizing the creation of additional space debris.

Implementation Method 1

The effector comprises at least one explosive charge arranged on or in the protective structure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectExplosion: Explosion

Implementation Method 2

by means of the spacecraft and/or the effector, the target object is at least partially or completely inoperable or otherwise at least rendered harmless

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDetonation: Detonation

Data Source

PatentEP4624861A1Apparatus for counteracting a target object in space, system and use of the apparatus
Publication Date: 2025.10.01 MBDA DEUTSCHIAND GMBH
  • EP4624861A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4624861A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4624861A1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The present invention relates to a device (100) for counteracting a target object (500) in space, comprising at least one spacecraft (110) configured to approach the target object (500) based on target data, and an effector (120) that is or can be arranged at a tip of the spacecraft (110), has a protective structure (121) that is effective in at least one direction facing away from the tip, and has at least one explosive charge (122) arranged on or in the protective structure (121). The invention also relates to the use of such a device (100) and a system comprising such a device (100).