Span-wise comb elements for wind turbine trailing edge noise

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing solutions for reducing wind turbine rotor blade noise, such as serrated trailing edges and in-plane comb elements, are limited in their ability to address turbulence upstream of the trailing edge, resulting in significant residual noise levels.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of span-wise separator comb elements mounted perpendicular to the trailing edge and airfoil surface of the rotor blade, which act to diffuse turbulence and break up vortices, thereby reducing aerodynamic noise.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-generated harmful factors

If serrated trailing edges and in-plane comb elements are used to reduce trailing edge noise, then trailing edge noise is reduced to some extent, but significant noise levels remain due to inability to address turbulence upstream of the trailing edge

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetrailing edge noiseVSAvoidaerodynamic structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from in-plane comb elements (lying in the same plane as the trailing edge) to span-wise comb elements (extending perpendicular to the trailing edge plane). This dimensional change allows the comb elements to effectively address turbulence upstream of the trailing edge by extending into the spanwise direction, thereby reducing the residual noise levels while maintaining structural manageability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Object-generated harmful factors

If rotational speed is reduced to reduce noise from aerodynamic rotor, then noise level is reduced, but power output suffers a substantial penalty

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaerodynamic rotor noiseVSAvoidpower output
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and addresses the specific source of noise (turbulence upstream of the trailing edge) through span-wise comb elements, rather than reducing the overall rotational speed. By targeting and eliminating the specific turbulence source, the solution reduces noise while preserving the rotational speed and associated power output.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Object-generated harmful factors

If comb elements are arranged in the plane of main airflow direction to diffuse turbulence, then trailing edge noise is reduced, but turbulence upstream of the trailing edge is not significantly affected

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetrailing edge noiseVSAvoideffectiveness against upstream turbulence
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent reorients the comb elements from lying in the plane of main airflow direction to extending span-wise (perpendicular to the trailing edge plane). This dimensional reorientation enables the comb elements to effectively interact with and diffuse turbulence upstream of the trailing edge, thereby improving adaptability and versatility in addressing noise sources at different locations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively reduces aerodynamic noise by smoothing instabilities in the boundary layer as it passes over the trailing edge, thereby meeting acoustic noise regulations even at rated power output.

Implementation Method 1

Eddies develop when the air flows over the suction side or the pressure side, resulting in turbulence passing the trailing edge of the blade. The noise that mainly arises when this turbulence passes the trailing edge is referred to as 'trailing edge noise'.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTurbulence diffusion: Turbulence

Implementation Method 2

The beneficial acoustic effect of such comb elements may be understood to arise from diffusion of a horseshoe vortex (i.e. the combs between serrations break up a large vortex into smaller vortices) and/or dissipation of some of the energy in the turbulent airflow.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVortex breakdown: Vortex Ring

Data Source

PatentEP3587799B1Aerodynamic structure
Publication Date: 2025.06.18 SIEMENS GAMESA RENEWABLE ENERGY AS
  • EP3587799B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3587799B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3587799B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The invention describes an aerodynamic structure (1) for mounting to a surface (20S, 20P, 30) of a wind turbine rotor blade (2), which aerodynamic structure (1) comprises a number of comb elements (10T, 10F), a comb element (10T, 10F) comprising comb teeth (100) arranged in a comb plane (10P), characterized in that the comb plane (10P) of a mounted comb element (10T, 10F) is essentially perpendicular to the trailing edge (TE) of the rotor blade (2) and to the airfoil surface (20S, 20P) of the rotor blade (2). The invention further describes a wind turbine rotor blade (2) comprising at least one such aerodynamic structure (1), and a method of equipping a wind turbine rotor blade (2) with such an aerodynamic structure (1).