Spark Plug Ground Electrode Weld Zone Geometry

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Solution Overview

Problem

In spark plugs, the increased size of the tip leads to a larger weld zone, which can expose the weld zone at the electrode base surface, causing spark wear as it serves as a starting point for wear progression.

Innovation Solution

A spark plug design with a ground electrode where the weld zone is strategically positioned to ensure joint strength by maintaining the weld zone's back region exposed at the opposite surface, reducing the likelihood of spark discharge and wear, while the connection region's width is larger than the back region, ensuring joint strength without exposing it at the side surfaces.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If the tip size is increased to improve joint strength, then the weld zone size increases, but the weld zone may be exposed at the electrode base surface causing spark wear

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvejoint strengthVSAvoidspark wear
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies local quality by creating different regions within the weld zone with distinct functions: the back region is positioned to be exposed at the opposite surface where spark discharge is unlikely, while the connection region is designed with larger width to remain hidden at side surfaces. This spatial differentiation allows the same weld zone structure to simultaneously provide joint strength and spark wear resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The invention resolves the contradiction by transitioning from a two-dimensional surface exposure problem to a three-dimensional spatial arrangement. By positioning the back region at the opposite surface (different dimension from side surfaces) and controlling the depth and width of the connection region, the weld zone configuration prevents spark wear while maintaining joint strength through proper spatial positioning rather than simply reducing weld zone size.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Strength

If the weld zone size is increased to ensure joint strength, then the connection region can be made larger, but this may cause the weld zone to be exposed at side surfaces of the electrode base

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvejoint strengthVSAvoidweld zone exposure
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies local quality by creating different regions within the weld zone with distinct functions: the back region is positioned to be exposed at the opposite surface where spark discharge is unlikely, while the connection region is designed with larger width to remain hidden at side surfaces. This spatial differentiation allows the same weld zone structure to simultaneously provide joint strength and spark wear resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The invention employs asymmetry in the weld zone geometry where the connection region has a larger width than the back region. This asymmetric configuration ensures that when the weld zone is viewed from different directions (opposite surface vs. side surfaces), different portions are exposed, allowing the larger connection region to provide strength while the smaller back region exposure prevents spark wear.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design effectively combines joint strength and spark wear resistance by ensuring the weld zone is not exposed at the side surfaces, preventing spark wear and maintaining the integrity of the electrode base.

Implementation Method 1

the tip having: a top surface facing the center electrode; and a bottom surface located opposite the top surface and joined to the electrode base with a weld zone formed therebetween

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectWelding: Welding

Data Source

PatentEP3467974B1Spark plug and production method therefor
Publication Date: 2021.03.10 NITERRA CO LTD
  • EP3467974B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3467974B1 patent drawingFigure 2(a)~2(b)
  • EP3467974B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Disclosed is a spark plug having a ground electrode with tip joint strength and spark wear resistance. A weld zone has: a back region exposed at an opposite surface of an electrode base; a joint region at which a tip is joined; and a connection region connects the joint region and the back region in a thickness direction of the electrode base without being exposed at side surfaces of the electrode base. In a cross section of the ground electrode taken through the side surfaces of the electrode base along a plane passing through the centers of the top and bottom surfaces of the tip, a value of a width of the top surface of the tip being divided by a width of the facing surface of the electrode base is greater than 0.3, and a maximum width of the connection region in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the electrode base is larger than a width of the back region. The joint strength of the tip can be attained by ensuring the joint area. The spark wear resistance of the ground electrode can be attained as the exposed back region of the weld zone is present on the opposite surface at which spark discharge is unlikely to occur.