Spatial Barcode Deconvolution for High-Resolution Array Mapping

The spatial barcode is segmented into multiple components (e.g., tile identifiers, row/column coordinates) that can be independently decoded. This segmentation allows the complex spatial information to be broken down into manageable parts, enabling precise location determination while systematically managing the complexity through structured decomposition of the barcode architecture.

The barcoded oligonucleotide acts as an intermediary carrier that links the physical spatial array to the detected analyte signals. By hybridizing priming oligonucleotides to these barcoded features and sequencing them, the system creates an intermediate data layer that maps spatial positions to molecular identities, thereby enabling precise spatial resolution without directly observing the array structure itself.

The patent replaces direct mechanical or optical detection of spatial array positions with a molecular sequencing-based detection system. Instead of physically locating features on the array through imaging or mechanical means, the system uses hybridization of priming oligonucleotides followed by sequencing to read the barcoded identifiers, thereby substituting complex spatial detection with a more manageable molecular recognition and sequencing workflow.

The detection approach changes from direct spatial coordinate measurement to sequence-based identification. By converting spatial position information into encoded barcode sequences that can be read through standard sequencing technologies, the system transforms the detection parameter from physical location to molecular sequence, leveraging existing high-precision sequencing infrastructure to achieve spatial resolution.