Spatial Video Prediction with Sub-Modes for Intra 16×16 Encoding
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing AVC standard for video compression does not offer sufficient modes for accurate spatial prediction in intra 16×16 mode predictive encoding, leading to inefficiencies in data compression and increased bit transmission for prediction mode information.
Innovation Solution
The method introduces additional sub-modes within existing prediction modes, such as vertical/horizontal, DC, and DC selection modes, to enhance spatial prediction accuracy without increasing the bit rate for prediction mode information, using a prediction controller to determine similarity among adjacent data units and selecting appropriate reference data units for pixel value prediction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If additional prediction modes are introduced to improve spatial prediction accuracy, then prediction accuracy is improved, but the amount of bit transmission for prediction mode information increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the prediction mode selection into two levels: first selecting from four basic modes (vertical, horizontal, DC, plane), then selecting from sub-modes based on the basic mode chosen. This hierarchical segmentation allows detailed prediction accuracy without requiring transmission of all possible mode information, as only the basic mode and sub-mode index need to be transmitted.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent dynamically adjusts the prediction approach by first determining a basic mode and then selecting from context-dependent sub-modes. The sub-mode selection adapts based on the chosen basic mode and local image characteristics, allowing the system to provide detailed prediction where needed while maintaining efficiency elsewhere.
2Productivity
If more prediction modes are provided for accurate spatial prediction, then compression efficiency is improved, but the complexity of the encoding system increases
Solution Approach 1:
The encoding system complexity is managed by segmenting the prediction mode structure into basic modes and sub-modes. The encoder first selects a basic mode from four options, then selects from a limited set of sub-modes (typically 2-4 per basic mode). This segmentation prevents the encoder from needing to evaluate all possible prediction modes simultaneously, reducing computational complexity while maintaining compression efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of providing all possible prediction modes for every situation, the patent uses partial action by selecting from sub-modes based on the chosen basic mode and local image characteristics. This partial approach provides sufficient prediction accuracy for each context without requiring the full set of all possible modes, thereby reducing system complexity.
3Measurement precision
If all pixel values from previous data units are used for predictive encoding, then prediction accuracy is improved, but the amount of data to be processed increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by using different prediction approaches for different regions of the current data unit. Within each block, the prediction uses pixel values from specific locations in previous data units that are most relevant to that block's characteristics. This selective use of reference pixel values provides accurate local prediction without processing all pixel values from all previous data units.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses partial action by selecting only the necessary pixel values from previous data units for prediction, rather than using all available pixel values. For each prediction mode, specific reference lines or regions are selected based on the prediction direction and local image characteristics, reducing the amount of data to be processed while maintaining prediction accuracy.
Data Source
AI summary
A method and apparatus for spatial predictive encoding and/or decoding of video data. The method for spatial predictive encoding of video data includes determining similarity among a plurality of previous data units that are adjacent to a current data unit, determining a reference data unit for spatial predictive encoding of the current data unit according to the determined similarity, and determining predicted values of pixels of the current data unit using pixel values of the reference data unit.