Spatially Offset Raman Biosensor for Continuous Glucose Monitoring
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for monitoring blood glucose levels in diabetes patients are painful, inconvenient, and often lead to inadequate monitoring due to the need for frequent finger-stick blood samples and electrochemical detection, which can result in secondary complications from glucose fluctuations.
Innovation Solution
A surface-enhanced Raman biosensor system that collects spatially offset Raman spectra from a biosensor implanted under the skin, using nanobiosensors with a metal film and self-assembled monolayers to quantify glucose concentrations and detect its presence in interstitial fluid, enabling continuous, non-invasive glucose monitoring.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If finger-stick blood sampling with electrochemical detection is used, then glucose levels can be measured, but the measurement process becomes painful and inconvenient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical finger-stick sampling method with an optical Raman spectroscopy system. A biosensor implanted under the skin detects glucose in interstitial fluid through Raman scattering, eliminating the need for repeated punctures and making continuous monitoring painless and convenient while maintaining measurement accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary biosensor system consisting of nanobiosensors with metal films and self-assembled monolayers implanted in the interstitial fluid. This intermediary layer continuously samples glucose non-invasively and transmits spectral information externally, bridging the gap between internal physiological measurement and external detection
2Reliability
If frequent blood glucose monitoring is implemented, then glucose level control improves, but patient compliance decreases due to pain and inconvenience
Solution Approach 1:
The implanted biosensor enables continuous real-time glucose monitoring without interruption or patient intervention. The system continuously collects Raman spectra from interstitial fluid, providing uninterrupted glucose level data that maintains reliable monitoring while eliminating the repetitive painful sampling required by conventional methods
Solution Approach 2:
The biosensor system performs self-service by autonomously sampling interstitial fluid and generating spectral signals without requiring patient action. The implantable device independently maintains the monitoring function, freeing the patient from the burden of frequent manual testing and significantly improving compliance
3Measurement precision
If surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy with spatially offset collection is used, then glucose detection accuracy improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detection system into distinct functional modules: nanobiosensors with metal films for signal enhancement, self-assembled monolayers for selective glucose binding, and spatially offset Raman collection optics. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently while working together to achieve high measurement precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter changes in the form of spatially offset Raman collection, where detection is performed at positions displaced from the illumination point. This parameter modification enables selective detection of signals from specific depths and reduces background interference, improving glucose detection accuracy through controlled variation of geometric parameters
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system provides accurate and continuous glucose monitoring, reducing the need for invasive testing and potentially enabling feedback control of implanted insulin pumps, thus improving patient outcomes and reducing complications.
Implementation Method 1
the biosensor comprises a plurality of nanobiosensors, wherein the nanobiosensors comprise a plurality of nanospheres and a metal film over the nanospheres
Implementation Method 2
collecting Raman scattering light from the biosensor at a plurality of second spots in response to illumination by the light, wherein each second spot is apart from the at least one first spot so as to define a source-detection (S-D) offset distance
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides systems and methods employing a surface enhanced Raman biosensor and sensing devices for collecting spatially offset Raman spectra from the biosensor. In certain embodiments, the present invention provides systems and methods for quantifying the concentration of an analyte in a subject, and/or identifying the presence or absence of an analyte in a subject, from a plurality of spatially offset Raman spectra generated from a surface enhanced Raman biosensor implanted in a subject.