Solid Phase Extraction Device for Dried Biological Samples
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Solution Overview
Problem
The analysis of reconstituted dried biological samples, such as dried blood spots, is often hindered by interfering elements in the sample matrix, which can negatively impact quantitative analysis, and existing technologies lack efficient methods for solid phase extraction to isolate target analytes from complex matrices.
Innovation Solution
A device and method for solid phase extraction that includes a support structure with apertures and wells containing sample preparation material, allowing for the alignment of dried sample cards and the use of extraction solvents to generate extraction samples, which are then passed through the sample preparation material to remove constituents, facilitating improved sample preparation and analysis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If dried spot sampling is used to collect biological fluids, then ease of sample collection and shipping is improved, but the presence of interfering elements in the sample matrix worsens the ability to perform quantitative analysis
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies solid phase extraction to isolate target analytes from the complex dried blood spot matrix. The SPE cartridge selectively extracts the analyte of interest while leaving interfering matrix components behind, thereby removing the harmful factors that compromise quantitative analysis accuracy while preserving the benefits of dried spot sampling
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary extraction step using solvents and solid phase extraction materials between the dried spot sample and the final analysis. This intermediary process cleans up the sample matrix by separating analytes from interfering substances, enabling accurate quantitative analysis while maintaining the ease of dried spot collection
2Measurement precision
If solid phase extraction is performed to isolate target analytes from complex matrices, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a multi-layered SPE cartridge design with different sorbent materials in separate layers, each layer performing a specific extraction function. This segmentation allows complex matrix cleanup to be achieved through multiple specialized stages rather than a single complex process, improving precision while keeping the device structure modular and manageable
Solution Approach 2:
The patent designs a universal SPE cartridge system that can handle multiple analyte types and matrix compositions using the same basic cartridge structure. The multi-functional cartridge can be configured with different sorbent combinations to address various extraction needs, reducing device complexity by using a standardized platform rather than custom devices for each application
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables efficient removal of interfering constituents, improving the reproducibility and accuracy of quantitative analysis of dried biological samples, maintaining the ease of use and cost-effectiveness of dried sample cards while enhancing sample preparation and cleanup processes.
Implementation Method 1
Solid phase extraction (SPE) is a chromatographic technique for preparing samples prior to performing quantitative analysis
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 2A~2C
Figure 3~4
AI summary
Described is a device for solid phase extraction of a dried sample of a biological fluid. The device includes a support structure such as a plate or support block that has a first side to receive a dried sample card. The support structure also has a second side that is opposite the first side and a number of apertures that extend between the first and second sides. The device also includes a plurality of wells each containing a sample preparation material and having an inlet end that communicates with a respective aperture at the second side of the support structure. Each dried sample on the dried sample card is aligned with one of the apertures. Extraction samples in each well pass through the sample preparation material, such as a chromatographic sorbent, in the well to remove one or more constituents of the extraction sample.