Speaker Cabinet Opening Placement to Mitigate Standing Waves
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing speaker systems are susceptible to the influence of standing waves, particularly at the low frequency range, due to the placement of openings in the cabinet, which can lead to significant peaks or dips in sound pressure.
Innovation Solution
A speaker system design featuring a cabinet with a speaker-fixation wall, an opposing wall, and side walls where a first duct communicates with the interior space, and a first opening is placed at the central portion of one pair of side walls with a shorter mutual distance, minimizing the impact of standing waves by positioning the opening at an arc-shaped portion with low sound pressure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an opening is provided at the bottom wall of the first cabinet to communicate with the bass-reflex duct, then the bass-reflex function is achieved, but the standing wave influence causes large peaks or dips at low frequency range
Solution Approach 1:
The patent positions the opening asymmetrically within the bottom wall rather than at the center, specifically at a location that avoids the antinode of the standing wave. This asymmetric placement allows the bass-reflex duct to function while minimizing exposure to standing wave effects that would cause frequency response peaks or dips.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by creating an uneven distribution of openings in the bottom wall. Instead of a single centralized opening, multiple openings are distributed at specific locations that correspond to node positions of standing waves, thereby locally optimizing sound pressure distribution and reducing standing wave influence at critical frequencies.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the first opening is provided at the central portion of the side wall, then the standing wave influence is reduced, but the duct configuration becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a two-dimensional planar opening to a three-dimensional duct structure that extends into the cabinet interior. The duct is configured with specific spatial dimensions and orientations that allow it to reach openings positioned at optimal locations for minimizing standing wave effects, thereby solving the problem in three-dimensional space rather than being constrained to a flat surface.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration reduces the influence of standing waves on the frequency characteristic, allowing for more consistent sound pressure across the frequency range and preventing unnecessary turbulent air within the ducts, thereby enhancing sound radiation.
Implementation Method 1
Between these mutually opposing wall portions, there are respectively generated standing waves in each of which a wall portion serves as a node, and a central portion serves as an arc-shaped portion. Although the amplitude of typical standing wave takes the minimum value at the nodes of vibration, its sound pressure takes the maximum value at the same.
Data Source
AI summary
A speaker system including a speaker device and a cabinet. The cabinet is composed of; a front wall having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and is provided with a speaker device affixed thereto; a rear wall opposing to the front wall; and two pairs of side walls arranged between the front wall and the rear wall. A first duct communicating with the interior space of the cabinet is provided through the side wall of the cabinet. A first opening that makes the interior space of the cabinet communicated with a first opening is provided at an area that encompasses a center portion of the one side wall in the one pair of the side walls having the shorter mutual distance therebetween in the two pairs of the side walls.