Loudspeaker Localization Using Signature Tones in Noisy Rooms

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing loudspeaker systems struggle to accurately estimate both distance and angle between multiple speakers for immersive sound generation, leading to potential failures in auto-calibration and suboptimal audio quality due to noise, obstructions, and outliers.

Innovation Solution

A system and method utilizing time-frequency masking (TFM) for asynchronous distance estimation and impulse response (IR) based direction of arrival (DOA) estimation to robustly determine speaker distances and angles, incorporating a controller with microphones to process audio signals and perform calibration.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional distance estimation methods are used between loudspeakers, then the system can operate, but the accuracy is degraded due to noise, obstructions, and outliers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedistance estimation accuracyVSAvoidauto-calibration robustness
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary actions by having each loudspeaker transmit its signature tone before distance calculation. The receiving loudspeaker captures the signature tone, extracts timing information, and calculates distance. This preliminary transmission and capture sequence establishes a reliable baseline measurement before environmental factors can degrade accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

Signature tones serve as acoustic intermediaries between loudspeakers. Each loudspeaker transmits a unique signature tone that acts as a mediator carrying identification and timing information through the acoustic environment. The receiving loudspeaker uses this intermediary signal to determine distance and angle without direct electronic communication between devices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If signature tones are transmitted for distance estimation, then distance and angle can be determined, but noise and obstructions interfere with accurate measurement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespeaker localization accuracyVSAvoidnoise and obstruction interference
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system extracts timing information specifically from the signature tone portion of the received audio signal. By isolating and extracting only the relevant signature tone data rather than processing the entire audio spectrum, the system removes interfering noise and obstruction effects from the measurement process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

Each loudspeaker transmits a unique signature tone with distinct acoustic characteristics (frequency, duration, pattern). These differentiated 'acoustic colors' allow the receiving loudspeaker to identify and measure the specific transmitted signal while filtering out background noise and unrelated acoustic interference.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #32Color changes

3Loss of information

If asynchronous signature tone transmission is used, then device localization can be achieved, but the system complexity increases due to timing synchronization requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelocation information acquisitionVSAvoidtiming synchronization complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Each loudspeaker independently transmits its signature tone and independently processes received tones from other loudspeakers. The system performs self-service localization where each device captures timing information, calculates its own distance and angle to others, and determines its position without requiring centralized coordination or complex inter-device synchronization protocols.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances speaker localization robustness, improves graphical user interfaces, and adjusts volume based on distance, ensuring high-quality immersive sound by accurately calibrating speaker positions and overcoming noise and obstruction challenges.

Implementation Method 1

The first loudspeaker transmits a first audio signal including and a first signature tone into a listening environment. The second loudspeaker transmits a second audio signal including a second signature tone into the listening environment and receive the first audio signal including and the first signature tone.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectroacoustic transduction:

Implementation Method 2

The second loudspeaker performs a time frequency masking operation to extract a least one of the first signature tone from the first audio signal and the second signature tone from the second audio signal prior to determining the estimated distance between the first loudspeaker and the second loudspeaker.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTime-frequency analysis:

Implementation Method 3

The at least one controller is further programmed to perform an impulse response (IR) measurement operation on the signature tone to determine a difference in peaks for the audio signal received at a first microphone and for the audio signal received at a second microphone to provide a time delay between the receipt of the audio signal at the first microphone and at the second microphone

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTime difference of arrival: Time of Flight

Data Source

PatentEP4657897A1Apparatus, system and/or method for device localization and optimization utilizing a predetermined audible signal
Publication Date: 2025.12.03 HARMAN INT IND INC
  • EP4657897A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4657897A1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP4657897A1 patent drawingFigure 4~6

AI summary

In at least one embodiment, an audio system including a first loudspeaker and a second loudspeaker and at least one controller is provided. The first loudspeaker transmits a first audio signal including a first signature tone into a listening environment. The second loudspeaker transmits a second audio signal including a second signature tone into the listening environment and receive the first audio signal including and the first signature tone. The second loudspeaker receives the second audio signal including the second signature tone after transmitting the second signature tone into the listening environment and determines an estimated distance between the first loudspeaker and the second loudspeaker based at least on the first signature tone and the second signature tone. The second loudspeaker performs a time frequency masking operation to extract a least one of the first signature tone and the second signature tone from the noisy and reverberant mixture.