Specimen Chamber for Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) in surgical settings is hindered by background illumination and tissue auto-fluorescence, which interfere with the detection of Cerenkov luminescence signals, making it difficult to obtain clear images of tissue samples during procedures.
Innovation Solution
A light-tight enclosure with a radiation shield and optical elements to protect the imaging means, combined with adjustable sample positioning and dual imaging modes for illuminated and Cerenkov images, allows for effective isolation and capture of Cerenkov luminescence signals from tissue samples.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If optical imaging is performed in a surgical setting with ambient illumination, then the imaging system can be used in operating theatres, but background illumination and tissue auto-fluorescence interfere with and dominate the Cerenkov signal
Solution Approach 1:
The imaging system is divided into two distinct modes: a first imaging mode for capturing illuminated images during surgery, and a second imaging mode for capturing Cerenkov luminescence images. This segmentation allows each mode to be optimized for its specific function, with the second mode using specialized detectors and optical filters to isolate the weak Cerenkov signal from background illumination and autofluorescence.
Solution Approach 2:
The system alternates between the first imaging mode (illuminated imaging) and the second imaging mode (Cerenkov imaging). During surgery, the system captures illuminated images for real-time guidance, then switches to the second mode to capture Cerenkov luminescence images for margin assessment. This periodic switching allows both imaging functions to be performed in the same surgical setting without continuous interference.
2Measurement precision
If a light tight enclosure is used to block ambient light, then Cerenkov signal detection is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The light-tight enclosure is merged with the specimen chamber, which already houses the imaging means and optical elements. The enclosure forms an integrated unit where the detector, optics, and sample holder are all contained within the same radiation-shielded, light-tight structure. This merging reduces overall system complexity compared to having separate enclosed systems for each component.
Solution Approach 2:
The enclosure serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides a light-tight environment to block ambient light during Cerenkov imaging, radiation shielding to protect the detector from ionizing radiation, and a structural housing for the imaging components. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate components and simplifies the overall device architecture.
3Reliability
If radiation shielding is added to protect the imaging means, then detector damage is prevented, but the device complexity and size increase
Solution Approach 1:
The radiation shielding is merged with the enclosure structure, forming an integrated protective housing. The shielding material is incorporated into the walls and components of the specimen chamber, rather than being added as a separate layer. This merging approach provides radiation protection while minimizing additional complexity and size.
Solution Approach 2:
The enclosure structure serves dual purposes: it provides the mechanical housing for the imaging system and simultaneously provides radiation shielding through its material composition and design. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate radiation shielding components, reducing overall device complexity while maintaining detector protection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid and clear imaging of tissue samples, ensuring accurate removal of abnormal tissue margins during surgery by minimizing interference from ambient light and radiation, thereby improving surgical precision.
Implementation Method 1
radiopharmaceuticals that emit charged particles (e.g., alpha and beta particles) generate detectable light due to the phenomenon of Cerenkov luminescence. Cerenkov photons are due to the deceleration of the charged particle in tissue.
Implementation Method 2
one or more optical elements for transmitting Cerenkov photons from within the light tight enclosure to the imaging means
Data Source
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AI summary
Apparatus for optical imaging of Cerenkov luminescence from an object subsequent to the object receiving a dose of a radiopharmaceutical, the apparatus comprising: a light tight enclosure within which the object can be received at a sample location; an imaging means; a means to mitigate direct particle impingement between the sample location and the imaging means; and one or more optical elements for transmitting Cerenkov photons from within the light tight enclosure to the imaging means.